1 00:00:03,399 --> 00:00:09,240 >> HELLO AND WELCOME, I'M KATHRYN HAMBLETON AND THANK YOU 2 00:00:09,240 --> 00:00:13,900 FOR JOINING US HERE IN VIRGINIA TO TALK ABOUT THE SCIENCE 3 00:00:13,900 --> 00:00:17,420 LAUNCHING ABOARD THE SIGNA SPACE CRAFT ALONG THE SPACE STATION, 4 00:00:17,420 --> 00:00:23,089 IT IS PACKED AND READY TO LAUNCH ON TOP OF THE ROCKET, DURING A 5 00:00:23,089 --> 00:00:28,449 FIVE-MINUTE, WINDOW THAT OPENS AT 8:03 TOMORROW NIGHT. 6 00:00:28,449 --> 00:00:30,689 WE WILL HAVE TIME FOR A FEW QUESTIONS AFTER EACH OF OUR 7 00:00:30,689 --> 00:00:32,720 SPEAKERS TODAY. 8 00:00:32,720 --> 00:00:35,640 AS I BRING THEM EACH UP, FOR THOSE ON THE PHONE IF YOU WILL 9 00:00:35,640 --> 00:00:39,430 PRESS STAR 1 TO BE ENTERED INTO THE QUE AT ANY TIME. 10 00:00:39,430 --> 00:00:42,110 AND FOR THOSE FOLLOWING US ON-LINE, PLEASE USE THE HASH TAG 11 00:00:42,110 --> 00:00:43,910 ASK NASA. 12 00:00:43,910 --> 00:00:49,020 >> HERE WITH HE TO GIVE US AN OVERVIEW, IS PETE HASBROOK, WITH 13 00:00:49,020 --> 00:00:51,920 THE PROGRAM SCIENCE OFFICE FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 14 00:00:51,920 --> 00:00:54,920 PETE, COULD YOU GIVE US AN OVERVIEW OF WHAT IS ON BOARD FOR 15 00:00:54,920 --> 00:00:55,920 THIS LAUNCH? 16 00:00:55,920 --> 00:00:56,920 >> SURE, THANK YOU. 17 00:00:56,920 --> 00:01:00,430 AND THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE AND A SPECIAL THANK YOU FOR ALL OF 18 00:01:00,430 --> 00:01:03,600 YOU WHO ARE WATCHING ON NASA TV AS WELL. 19 00:01:03,600 --> 00:01:08,670 ON BEHALF OF THE SPEAKERS WE ARE PROUD TO BE HERE AND WE ARE GLAD 20 00:01:08,670 --> 00:01:11,940 FOR ATK RETURNING TO FLIGHT THIS WEEK AND IT IS A GREAT THING FOR 21 00:01:11,940 --> 00:01:15,690 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION AND FOR THE PROGRAM. 22 00:01:15,690 --> 00:01:18,770 THE SIGNAS CAN BRING A VARIETY OF CARGO TO THE INTERNATIONAL 23 00:01:18,770 --> 00:01:21,540 SPACE STATION AND TOMORROW ON THE VEHICLE. 24 00:01:21,540 --> 00:01:27,950 WE HAVE OVER 1,000 KILO GRAMS, 10046, KM OF SCIENTIFIC CARGO, 25 00:01:27,950 --> 00:01:33,970 THAT IS ABOUT 2300 POUNDS OF CARGO, OR AS I UNDERSTAND IT, IT 26 00:01:33,970 --> 00:01:37,400 IS ABOUT A THIRD OF THE CARGO BEING LAUNCHED TOMORROW. 27 00:01:37,400 --> 00:01:40,370 THE ISS IS A LABORATORY IN SPACE, AND IT IS A VERY 28 00:01:40,370 --> 00:01:44,330 VERSATILE LABORATORY, UNLIKE THE LABORATORIES THAT YOU SEE HERE 29 00:01:44,330 --> 00:01:47,670 ON EARTH, IT MAY SPECIALIZE IN ONE DISCIPLINE AND PROBABLY 30 00:01:47,670 --> 00:01:51,200 FOCUS ON ONE VERY SMALL PART OF THAT DISCIPLINE, THE ISS 31 00:01:51,200 --> 00:01:57,730 SUPPORTS A BROAD RANGE OF SUPPORT AND RESEARCH, WE HAVE 32 00:01:57,730 --> 00:02:02,110 OVER 100 EXPERIMENTS GOING ON DURING THE SIX MONTHS RIGHT NOW. 33 00:02:02,110 --> 00:02:03,970 EXPEDITION, 49 AND 50. 34 00:02:03,970 --> 00:02:07,110 WE HAVE OVER, 300 EXPERIMENTS IN THE PLAN OVER THE COURSE OF 35 00:02:07,110 --> 00:02:08,520 THOSE SIX MONTHS. 36 00:02:08,520 --> 00:02:16,129 OUR EXPERIMENTS RANGE FROM THE MICRO BIOLOGY TO EARTH AND SPACE 37 00:02:16,129 --> 00:02:19,639 SCIENCES, HUMAN RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, DEMONSTRATION AND 38 00:02:19,639 --> 00:02:21,090 EDUCATION AND OUT REACH. 39 00:02:21,090 --> 00:02:23,930 AS WELL AS PHYSICAL SCIENCES. 40 00:02:23,930 --> 00:02:28,129 WE HAVE TO DATE, OVER 2,000 DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS THAT HAVE 41 00:02:28,129 --> 00:02:29,870 BEEN DONE ACROSS THE PARTNERSHIP. 42 00:02:29,870 --> 00:02:32,249 AND AROUND THE WORLD ON THE ISS. 43 00:02:32,249 --> 00:02:36,330 WE HAVE OVER, 2900 SCIENTISTS WHO HAVE BEEN PARTICIPATING IN 44 00:02:36,330 --> 00:02:37,330 RESEARCH. 45 00:02:37,330 --> 00:02:40,470 AND WE HAVE HAD OVER 95 DIFFERENT COUNTRIES. 46 00:02:40,470 --> 00:02:42,499 WE ARE SEARCHING OR DOING ACTIVITIES WITH THE ISS. 47 00:02:42,499 --> 00:02:45,239 AND IN THE RESEARCH THAT WE ARE DOING AND THE OUT REACH THAT WE 48 00:02:45,239 --> 00:02:47,769 ARE DOING, ARE ADVANCING OUR KNOWLEDGE TOWARDS THE 49 00:02:47,769 --> 00:02:50,819 EXPLORATION, AND THE FUTURE EXPLORATION OF THE OTHER PLANETS 50 00:02:50,819 --> 00:02:53,459 AS WELL AS BENEFITING OUR LIFE HERE ON EARTH. 51 00:02:53,459 --> 00:02:56,650 NOW IN THE SPEAKERS THAT YOU WILL HEAR AFTER US. 52 00:02:56,650 --> 00:02:59,060 I AM GOING TO SORT OF PREVIEW TWO OF THOSE FOR YOU AND BOTH OF 53 00:02:59,060 --> 00:03:00,410 THEM HAVE TO DO WITH COMBUSTION. 54 00:03:00,410 --> 00:03:03,540 YOU ARE GOING TO HEAR ABOUT A FIRE THAT IS GOING TO BE 55 00:03:03,540 --> 00:03:10,749 INITIATED ON THE SIGNAS VEHICLE AFTER IT FINISHES AND UNBIRTHS. 56 00:03:10,749 --> 00:03:13,579 IT IS GOING TO BECOME ANOTHER LABORATORY FOR US. 57 00:03:13,579 --> 00:03:18,629 THIS KIND OF A FIRE WE COULD NOT CONDUCT IN A HUMAN ENVIRONMENT. 58 00:03:18,629 --> 00:03:22,030 SO BEING ABLE TO TEST THESE MATERIALS AND DO THIS KIND OF 59 00:03:22,030 --> 00:03:26,090 TEST AFTER SIGNA SUN DOCS, GIVES YOU ANOTHER IDEA OF THE BENEFIT 60 00:03:26,090 --> 00:03:27,090 OF THE SIG. 61 00:03:27,090 --> 00:03:30,689 NAS VEHICLES FOR US, ANOTHER SPEAKER IS GOING TO TALK ABOUT A 62 00:03:30,689 --> 00:03:34,079 PHENOMENA CALLED COOL FLAMES, WHERE THE FLAMES ACTUALLY BURN 63 00:03:34,079 --> 00:03:36,579 AT A LOWER TEMPERATURE THAN WE ARE USED TO. 64 00:03:36,579 --> 00:03:39,699 A LOWER, LIGHT LEVEL, AND SO IT IS HARDER TO SEE, AND VERY HARD 65 00:03:39,699 --> 00:03:42,569 TO RECREATE ON THE GROUND, BUT IN THE MICROGRAVITY, WE CAN 66 00:03:42,569 --> 00:03:45,780 STUDY IT, WHICH WILL BRING BENEFITS FOR US IN COMBUSTION 67 00:03:45,780 --> 00:03:49,109 ENGINES AND DETECTING FIRES. 68 00:03:49,109 --> 00:03:52,290 SOME OF THE OTHER SCIENCE LAUNCHING ON THE SIGNAS 69 00:03:52,290 --> 00:03:56,639 TOMORROW, FOR THE EUROPEAN PARTNERS AND THE SPACE AGENCY, 70 00:03:56,639 --> 00:04:00,169 THEY ARE LAUNCH S EXPERIMENTS TO SUPPORT THEIR CREW MEMBER WHO IS 71 00:04:00,169 --> 00:04:04,999 LAUNCHING IN NOVEMBER, TAMA, FROM FRANCE IS PART OF THE 72 00:04:04,999 --> 00:04:07,439 EUROPEAN SCIENCE AND ASTRONAUT CORE. 73 00:04:07,439 --> 00:04:12,590 AND AMONG THE EXPERIMENTS THE AQUA MEMBRANE EXPERIMENT IS A 74 00:04:12,590 --> 00:04:17,780 TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION, WHICH IS IMPROVED FOR PURIFYING WATER 75 00:04:17,780 --> 00:04:18,780 THROUGH A MEMBRANE. 76 00:04:18,780 --> 00:04:21,400 IT WILL BE EVEN BETTER THAN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS AND THE 77 00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:25,139 RECYCLABLE, SYSTEMS THAT WE HAVE ON BOARD. 78 00:04:25,139 --> 00:04:28,030 THERE IS SOMETHING CALLED AQUA PAD, WHICH IS ABLE TO MEASURE 79 00:04:28,030 --> 00:04:30,610 THE QUALITY OF WATER IN SPACE. 80 00:04:30,610 --> 00:04:34,470 THERE IS THE I AM SORRY THE EVERYWHERE APPLICATION ON A 81 00:04:34,470 --> 00:04:35,470 TABLET. 82 00:04:35,470 --> 00:04:38,860 AND ON SAY AN IPAD TO BE AIBLE TO TAKE THE DATA VERY EASILY FOR 83 00:04:38,860 --> 00:04:42,580 THE ASTRONAUT, AND THEY TAKE LESS TIME TO TAKE THE DATA AND 84 00:04:42,580 --> 00:04:45,560 WRITE IT DOWN AND RECORD IT AND SEND IT, WHICH ALLOWS THEM TO DO 85 00:04:45,560 --> 00:04:47,120 OTHER THINGS. 86 00:04:47,120 --> 00:04:50,710 WE HAVE A COUPLE OF EXPERIMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES AREA. 87 00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:56,970 TWO OF THEM STUDYING CRYSTALS AND SOLIDIIATION OF METALS. 88 00:04:56,970 --> 00:05:06,530 IT IS A PARTNERSHIP OF NASA WITH THE FRENCH SPACE AGENCY. 89 00:05:06,530 --> 00:05:10,210 AND IT IS STUDYING ALLOYS THAT ACT LIKE METALS BUT THESE ARE 90 00:05:10,210 --> 00:05:14,860 CLEAR ALLOYS AND AS THEY FREEZE OR SOLIDIFY THEY CAN LOOK AT THE 91 00:05:14,860 --> 00:05:20,060 CRYSTALS AND THE BOUNDARY AS WE CALL IT AND APPLY THAT TOWARD 92 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:22,240 OUR COMPUTER MODELS ON THE GROUND AND GET A BETTER 93 00:05:22,240 --> 00:05:26,560 SIMULATION AND PREDICTION OF HOW METALS SOLIDIFY AND WHAT IS 94 00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:29,240 THEIR STRENGTH AND THE PROPERTIES OF THE CRYSTALS. 95 00:05:29,240 --> 00:05:36,411 OOLT ONE IS CALLED THE SOLIDIFY OF USING THE AMPUELS AND IT IS 96 00:05:36,411 --> 00:05:41,599 STUDYING THE MATERIALS THAT ARE USED IN SEMICONDUCTORS AND 97 00:05:41,599 --> 00:05:43,590 COOLING THEM AT VERY HIGH TEMPERATURES. 98 00:05:43,590 --> 00:05:47,240 BUT AGAIN, IMPROVING OUR ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND 99 00:05:47,240 --> 00:05:50,270 BENEFITING US HERE ON EARTH AS WELL AS SMALLER COMMUNICATION 100 00:05:50,270 --> 00:05:53,830 AND SMALLER TRANS-SISTER FOR THE FEWER SPACE CRAFT. 101 00:05:53,830 --> 00:05:59,139 I WOULD LIKE TO REFER TO THE FIRST SLIDE, ONGOING WE HAVE 102 00:05:59,139 --> 00:06:02,040 SEVERAL SUCCESSES AND WHICH OF WHICH IS THE FLUID SHIFT 103 00:06:02,040 --> 00:06:04,090 EXPERIMENT. 104 00:06:04,090 --> 00:06:08,680 IN SPACE, OUR FLUID WOULD SHIFT FROM OUR LEGS WHERE IT WILL BE 105 00:06:08,680 --> 00:06:11,930 ON EARTH UP INTO OUR TORSO, AND OUR HEAD AND WE BELIEVE THAT IS 106 00:06:11,930 --> 00:06:15,870 CONTRIBUTING TO THE VISUAL ISSUES THAT WE HAVE SEEN AND 107 00:06:15,870 --> 00:06:20,120 REALIZED IN THE ASTRONAUTS IN THE COURSE OF TIMES, AS YOU 108 00:06:20,120 --> 00:06:26,430 STUDY THE FLUID SHIFT IN THE EYES AND THE EAR DRUMS AND THE 109 00:06:26,430 --> 00:06:29,500 PRESSURE AND WE HOPE TO LEARN MORE ABOUT WHAT IS KAUDZING 110 00:06:29,500 --> 00:06:33,310 THESE VISUAL IMPAIRMENT ISSUES VERY IMPORTANT TO US AS WE GO ON 111 00:06:33,310 --> 00:06:37,030 TO PLANETS AND LONGER MISSIONS ON TO MARS, AND YOU CAN SEE 112 00:06:37,030 --> 00:06:40,490 SCOTT KELLEY THERE, ONE OF THE TWO ONE YEAR CREW MEMBER 113 00:06:40,490 --> 00:06:41,490 MISSIONS. 114 00:06:41,490 --> 00:06:47,210 SCOTT AND HIS CREW MATE FROM RUSSIA LANLDED IN MARCH. 115 00:06:47,210 --> 00:06:49,250 BUT WE ARE CONTINUING THIS JOINT EXPERIMENT. 116 00:06:49,250 --> 00:06:52,830 IT IS A JOINT EXPERIMENT WITH THE RUSSIAN PARTNER AND SO THE 117 00:06:52,830 --> 00:06:55,580 CREW ON BOARD RIGHT NOW, EXPEDITION 49 IS FINISHING UP 118 00:06:55,580 --> 00:06:56,699 THEIR FINAL MEASUREMENTS. 119 00:06:56,699 --> 00:06:59,620 AND IN FACT WE WILL HAVE THE NEXT SLIDE PLEASE. 120 00:06:59,620 --> 00:07:04,389 WE HAVE HAD GREAT SUCCESSES IN USING THE ISS AS A 121 00:07:04,389 --> 00:07:06,919 MICROBIOLOGICAL LABORATORY. 122 00:07:06,919 --> 00:07:10,970 WE HAVE THE GREENS IN SPACE, THE STUDENTS EXPERIMENT THAT HAS 123 00:07:10,970 --> 00:07:17,439 BEEN ABLE TO REPLICATE DNA AND TO IDENTIFY WHAT THE DNA IS. 124 00:07:17,439 --> 00:07:22,150 WE HAVE THE WET LAB SMART CYCLER, WHICH IS ALSO ABLE TO 125 00:07:22,150 --> 00:07:25,181 AMPLIFY, WHEN YOU HEAR AMPLIFYING DNA, I AM AN, 126 00:07:25,181 --> 00:07:31,960 ENGINEER AT HEART BEING ABLE TO ANALYZE IT AND EXTRACT THE DNA 127 00:07:31,960 --> 00:07:36,840 FROM IT AND AND FINALLY THE SEQUENCER THAT IS ABLE TO 128 00:07:36,840 --> 00:07:41,699 IDENTIFY THE MICROS AND THE DNA AND WHAT THAT DOES FOR US IS 129 00:07:41,699 --> 00:07:44,780 AGAIN FOR THE FUTURE EXPLORATION, WE WANT THE SMALLER 130 00:07:44,780 --> 00:07:49,050 EQUIPMENT AND WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO ANALYZE THE RESULTS RIGHT 131 00:07:49,050 --> 00:07:52,580 THERE WITHOUT HAVING TO BRING HOME THE SAMPLES. 132 00:07:52,580 --> 00:07:57,300 AND SO THESE ARE EXAMPLES OF THE GREAT SCIENCE WE HAVE GOING ON 133 00:07:57,300 --> 00:08:01,099 BRINGING US BENEFITS TO EARTH AND IMPROVING OUR EXPLORATION 134 00:08:01,099 --> 00:08:04,240 FOR OUR JOURNEY TO MARS. 135 00:08:04,240 --> 00:08:07,349 AND BEFORE THE NEXT SPEAKERS COME UP, IF YOU WANT TO LOOK 136 00:08:07,349 --> 00:08:14,460 MORE ABOUT THE RESEARCH WE ARE DOING, IF YOU DO TWITTER, GIVE 137 00:08:14,460 --> 00:08:18,290 US A SHOUT OUT AT ISS UNDER SCORE RESEARCH, AND WE HAVE AN 138 00:08:18,290 --> 00:08:25,220 APP FOR THAT ON OTHER PHONES AND ANDROID, SPACE STATION EX-MROSER 139 00:08:25,220 --> 00:08:27,620 AND IT HAS THE GREAT INFORMATION ABOUT ALL OF THIS. 140 00:08:27,620 --> 00:08:30,009 AND SO THANK YOU FOR THE COUNTRY. 141 00:08:30,009 --> 00:08:31,180 >> THANKS, PETE. 142 00:08:31,180 --> 00:08:32,760 I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME DR. 143 00:08:32,760 --> 00:08:37,240 JITENDRA JOSHI TECHNOLOGY AND LEAD FOR THE ADVANCED 144 00:08:37,240 --> 00:08:42,540 EXPLORATION SYSTEMS AT NASA AHEAD QUARTERS TO SPEAK ABOUT 145 00:08:42,540 --> 00:08:48,250 THE NASA SAFETY PROJECT, KNOWN AS SAFE FIRE AND THIS IS THE 146 00:08:48,250 --> 00:08:54,040 SECOND IN INVESTIGATIONS TO LOOK AT STUDY FIRE INSIDE OF AN 147 00:08:54,040 --> 00:08:57,300 SIGNAS, AFTER IT DEPARTS THE SPACE STATION AT THE END OF ITS 148 00:08:57,300 --> 00:08:58,760 MISSION, DR. 149 00:08:58,760 --> 00:09:02,150 JOSHI WHY ARE YOU DOING MORE MISSIONS? 150 00:09:02,150 --> 00:09:06,850 >> GREAT QUESTION, AND I WILL GIVE YOU THE ANSWER IN FIVE 151 00:09:06,850 --> 00:09:07,850 MINUTES. 152 00:09:07,850 --> 00:09:11,090 SAFETY IS THE TOP PRIORITY, WHETHER IT IS A HUMAN MISSION OR 153 00:09:11,090 --> 00:09:15,430 A ROBOTIC MISSION WHEN WE LAUNCH THEM. 154 00:09:15,430 --> 00:09:18,370 IT IS ESPECIALLY WHEN IT COMES TO HUMAN SPACE CRAFT, SAFETY IS 155 00:09:18,370 --> 00:09:20,690 OUR NUMBER ONE GOAL. 156 00:09:20,690 --> 00:09:24,440 IN ORDER TO HAVE SAFE HABITATION SYSTEMS, MANY TIMES WE HAVE THE 157 00:09:24,440 --> 00:09:27,720 TENDENCIES BUILT INTO THE SPACE CRAFT, FOR THE LIFE SUPPORT 158 00:09:27,720 --> 00:09:32,130 SYSTEMS WE WILL HAVE THE SPARES OR THE OTHER REDUND ANTIES AND 159 00:09:32,130 --> 00:09:35,940 THERE ARE SOME SYSTEMS THAT CAN DO THIS AND SOME THAT ARE 160 00:09:35,940 --> 00:09:40,370 EXTREMELY CONSERVATIVE SO THAT NOTHING BAD HAPPENS. 161 00:09:40,370 --> 00:09:43,890 ONE OF THE LEAST UNDERSTOOD RISKS IN SPACE IS HOW FIRE 162 00:09:43,890 --> 00:09:49,420 PROPAGATES, STARTS, HOW DO YOU CONTROL THE FIRE, HOW DO YOU 163 00:09:49,420 --> 00:09:54,270 DETECT THE FIRE, ALL OF THESE THINGS ARE SOMETHING THAT YOU 164 00:09:54,270 --> 00:09:57,930 CANNOT FROM TO MAKE A CALL, 911 COME, I WILL FIRE, RIGHT? 165 00:09:57,930 --> 00:10:00,780 AND YOU ARE TO BE PROACTIVE IN BUILDING YOUR MATERIAL. 166 00:10:00,780 --> 00:10:03,970 AND AS WHAT WE HAVE BEEN DOING WHEN BUILDING THE SPACE CRAFT, 167 00:10:03,970 --> 00:10:06,570 WE HAVE BEEN EXTREMELY CONSERVATIVE AND WE HAVE BEEN 168 00:10:06,570 --> 00:10:09,490 USING THE MATERIALS FOR 30 OR 40 YEARS. 169 00:10:09,490 --> 00:10:11,220 AND THEY ARE HEAVY. 170 00:10:11,220 --> 00:10:14,200 AND THE FOOTPRINT IS LARGER THAN WE WOULD LIKE. 171 00:10:14,200 --> 00:10:17,400 THEY ARE COMING INTO PLAY NOW. 172 00:10:17,400 --> 00:10:20,710 WE USE THOSE MATERIALS HERE IN THE FIRST TO QUALIFY THEM AS 173 00:10:20,710 --> 00:10:23,940 SAFE FOR USE IN SPACE. 174 00:10:23,940 --> 00:10:27,930 WE HAVE CONDUCTED EXPERIMENTS FOR FIRE FOLLOW OVER TWO DECADES 175 00:10:27,930 --> 00:10:29,820 IN SPACE. 176 00:10:29,820 --> 00:10:37,370 MOSTLY THEY HAVE BEEN THE SIGHS OF THIS PARTICLE AND THAT. 177 00:10:37,370 --> 00:10:40,940 AND BECAUSE THERM THEY WERE CONDUCTED WITH THE HUMANS YOU 178 00:10:40,940 --> 00:10:44,800 HAVE TO DO WITH IN THE GLOW BOX. 179 00:10:44,800 --> 00:10:47,820 FOR MORE THAN A DECADE AGO, WE WERE TRYING TO SAY HOW DO WE 180 00:10:47,820 --> 00:10:51,290 CONDUCT LARGE FIRE EXPERIMENTS BECAUSE THAT IS WHAT MATTERS. 181 00:10:51,290 --> 00:10:55,160 SO, CAN YOU ROLL THE VIDEO, PLEASE? 182 00:10:55,160 --> 00:10:59,020 SO THE SIGNAS, THE PREVIOUS SIGNAS MISSION, CARRIED SAFFIRE 183 00:10:59,020 --> 00:11:04,190 ONE AND I WILL SHOW YOU THAT PARTICULAR MISSION BUT IT IS 184 00:11:04,190 --> 00:11:08,611 BASICALLY A BOX THAT GOES IN SAFFIRE BUT HAS TWO CHAMBERS AND 185 00:11:08,611 --> 00:11:12,660 ONE IS THE CHAMBER AND ONE IS WHERE YOU THERE THE LARGE SAMPLE 186 00:11:12,660 --> 00:11:13,660 ONE. 187 00:11:13,660 --> 00:11:18,700 AND THE SIX SIGNS THROUGH THAT AT A CERTAIN RATE, AND IT 188 00:11:18,700 --> 00:11:22,490 RESIDES IN THE SIGNAS AND IT GOES UP THERE AND NOT TURNED ON 189 00:11:22,490 --> 00:11:26,300 WHILE IT IS ATTACHED TO THE SPACE STATION. 190 00:11:26,300 --> 00:11:35,370 ONCE SIGNAS, DEDOCKS, THE ORBITALS WILL ACTUALLY START THE 191 00:11:35,370 --> 00:11:39,320 EXPERIMENT INITIATED AND THEN RESTART THE FIRE. 192 00:11:39,320 --> 00:11:42,710 THE EXPERIMENT GOES ON FOR TWO, TWO AND A HALF HOURS, ALL OF THE 193 00:11:42,710 --> 00:11:43,920 DATA GETS COLLECTED. 194 00:11:43,920 --> 00:11:50,890 SIGNAS WHILE IT IS COMING BACK TO EARTH, OR IN A SYSTEMATIC, 195 00:11:50,890 --> 00:11:55,210 ALL OF THE DATY GETS TRANSFERRED. 196 00:11:55,210 --> 00:12:00,100 SO I WOULD BRIEFLY TELL YOU WHAT HAPPENED DURING SAFFIRE ONE. 197 00:12:00,100 --> 00:12:06,190 >> WE HAD THIS PARTICULAR CLOTH, WHICH IS A FIBER GLASS, WHAT YOU 198 00:12:06,190 --> 00:12:09,510 SEE THERE THE FLAMES TRAVELING WAS MODERATELY NEW BASED ON 199 00:12:09,510 --> 00:12:11,680 FAIRLY SMALL SAMPLES. 200 00:12:11,680 --> 00:12:15,530 WHAT ACTUALLY HAPPENED WAS THE FIRE BURNED A LITTLE BIT SLOWER 201 00:12:15,530 --> 00:12:21,841 WHEN WE HAD A CON VECTIVE FLOW, IT WAS IN FACT, 64 PERCENT LESS 202 00:12:21,841 --> 00:12:26,360 THAN WHAT WE HAD EXPECTED THE GROWTH OF THE FLAME, SO THAT 203 00:12:26,360 --> 00:12:30,370 FEATURES THE LESSON, IT IS NOT THAT IT IS GROWING SLOWER, IT 204 00:12:30,370 --> 00:12:32,510 MIGHT HAVE A LILGS RAMIFICATIONS. 205 00:12:32,510 --> 00:12:34,620 WE THINK THAT THOSE ARE BECAUSE OF THE WALL EFFECTS AND WHERE IT 206 00:12:34,620 --> 00:12:36,110 WAS CONTAINED. 207 00:12:36,110 --> 00:12:40,120 AND SO THE NEXT PARTICULAR MISSION, WHICH IS GOING TO 208 00:12:40,120 --> 00:12:48,000 LAUNCH TOMORROW IS SAFFIRE TWO, IT HAS THE SAME SIZE, BUT WE 209 00:12:48,000 --> 00:12:51,860 HAVE NINE SAMPLES HERE, THERE IS A RATIONALE OF WHY THE SAMPLES 210 00:12:51,860 --> 00:12:53,280 WERE CHOSEN. 211 00:12:53,280 --> 00:12:59,360 FOUR OF THEM ARE SIL CON SAMPLES AND THEY ARE BASICALLY SAMPLES 212 00:12:59,360 --> 00:13:01,070 OF DIFFERENT THICKNESS. 213 00:13:01,070 --> 00:13:02,120 OKAY? 214 00:13:02,120 --> 00:13:05,380 BECAUSE SICKNESS EFFECTS OF FIRE HAPPENS, HOW WELL THE MATERIAL 215 00:13:05,380 --> 00:13:07,480 BOUNDS AND THE PARTICULAR MATERIAL MIETD BOUND 216 00:13:07,480 --> 00:13:11,170 DIFFERENTLY, AND THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST PREVALENT WHICH THEY 217 00:13:11,170 --> 00:13:13,250 USE WHICH IS FLAMMABLE. 218 00:13:13,250 --> 00:13:19,140 THEN, WE ALSO HAVE SOMETHING CALLED NOMAX, IT IS A COMMERCIAL 219 00:13:19,140 --> 00:13:23,010 MATERIAL WHICH IS THE FIRE RETARDANT MATERIAL THAT IS USED. 220 00:13:23,010 --> 00:13:27,820 WE ARE ALSO CARRYING THE FIRES OF THE MATERIAL THAT WE USED IN 221 00:13:27,820 --> 00:13:33,080 THE FIRST ONE, THAT HELPS US AND DOES THE SMALL MATERIAL BURN THE 222 00:13:33,080 --> 00:13:36,860 SAME WAY AS THE BIG ONE AND IN THE SAME CONDITION? 223 00:13:36,860 --> 00:13:42,740 WHAT DO YOU SEE IN MY HAND HERE IS AFTER THE GLASS. 224 00:13:42,740 --> 00:13:45,260 THIS MATERIAL IS USED IN THE WINDOWS OF SPACE CRAFTS. 225 00:13:45,260 --> 00:13:51,760 AND THIS WAS BURNED IN ONE GRAVITY, EARTH GRAVITY, AND IT 226 00:13:51,760 --> 00:13:55,540 DID NOT BURN FULLY WITH THE TIME THAT WE EXPOSED IT. 227 00:13:55,540 --> 00:13:59,560 THE SAME WAS THE STRUCTURE OF THE GLASS THAT WOULD BE USED IN 228 00:13:59,560 --> 00:14:01,410 POTENTIAL MISSIONS LATER ON. 229 00:14:01,410 --> 00:14:03,500 WITHOUT DOING THE SAME EXPERIMENT. 230 00:14:03,500 --> 00:14:07,430 WE ARE GOING TO WITH THIS SAFFIRE ONE A BIT BASED ON WHAT 231 00:14:07,430 --> 00:14:14,600 WE LEARNED IN TERMS OF THE SLOW MOMENT, AND THAT IS THE GOAL. 232 00:14:14,600 --> 00:14:19,310 SO THIS GIVES US THE UNDERSTANDING OF MORE MATERIALS 233 00:14:19,310 --> 00:14:23,750 AND GIVES US AN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW WE CAN SCALE THINGS IN TERMS 234 00:14:23,750 --> 00:14:28,630 OF SAMPLE AND VOLUME AND SIZE AND PREDICT FLAMBILITY AND IT 235 00:14:28,630 --> 00:14:31,500 WILL HELP TO MAKE THE MISSIONS SAFE, AND ONCE YOU UNDERSTAND 236 00:14:31,500 --> 00:14:35,100 HOW THE FIRE PROPAGATES YOU CAN HAVE THE STRATEGIES AND YOU CAN 237 00:14:35,100 --> 00:14:39,540 HAVE THE DETECTION STRATEGIES AS MORE AND MORE MATERIALS ARE 238 00:14:39,540 --> 00:14:42,750 BEING PLANNED TO BE USED, WE NEED TO DO THIS. 239 00:14:42,750 --> 00:14:45,670 AND IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE LIABILITY WE ARE ALSO GOING TO 240 00:14:45,670 --> 00:14:47,910 HAVE THE MATERIALS THAT WILL TAKE THE RAW MATERIALS AND DOING 241 00:14:47,910 --> 00:14:51,250 IN THE SPACE MANUFACTURING TO FIX STUFF. 242 00:14:51,250 --> 00:14:53,860 ALL OF THESE THINGS NEED QUALIFICATIONS. 243 00:14:53,860 --> 00:14:57,530 SO, THE MORE RELIABLE MISSIONS TO BUILD MORE SUSTAINING 244 00:14:57,530 --> 00:15:03,220 MISSIONS AS WE MOVE FURTHER, SAFFIRE WILL PLAY A LONG WAY. 245 00:15:03,220 --> 00:15:08,430 THIS WAS A TREMENDOUS EFFORT AND PART OF THE ISS ENGINEERS AND 246 00:15:08,430 --> 00:15:11,870 THE SCIENCES AND THEIR ADVANCED EXPLORATION SYSTEMS. 247 00:15:11,870 --> 00:15:19,440 DESIGNED TO SMART -- BECAUSE IT WAS JUST RETURNING ON THE LAB. 248 00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:24,050 SO WE WANT TO THANK ALL OF THE FOLKS WHO HAVE MADE THIS 249 00:15:24,050 --> 00:15:25,050 POSSIBLE. 250 00:15:25,050 --> 00:15:28,730 AND WE HOPE TO GET THE RESULTS YOU ARE LOOKING FOR. 251 00:15:28,730 --> 00:15:31,470 >> THANK YOU, WE WILL NOW TAKE QUESTIONS FROM THOSE IN THE ROOM 252 00:15:31,470 --> 00:15:35,570 ABOUT SAFFIRE AS WELL AS THOSE ON THE PHONE AND ON SPOESHL 253 00:15:35,570 --> 00:15:39,660 MEDIA, USING ASK NASA, I WILL BRING THE MICROPHONE TO YOU AND 254 00:15:39,660 --> 00:15:42,170 IF YOU WILL STATE YOUR NAME AND YOUR AFFILIATION. 255 00:15:42,170 --> 00:15:49,000 >> LET'S SEE, WE WILL GO THIRD ROW OVER HERE. 256 00:15:49,000 --> 00:15:53,810 >> GENE TALKING SPACE, HOW MANY TIMES DO YOU PLAN ON FLYING 257 00:15:53,810 --> 00:15:57,320 SAFFIRE AND WHAT OTHER MATERIALS DO YOU PLAN ON USING? 258 00:15:57,320 --> 00:15:58,320 THANK YOU. 259 00:15:58,320 --> 00:16:01,030 >> SO, OUR CURRENT PLAN IS TO HAVE IN THESE SERIES OF 260 00:16:01,030 --> 00:16:05,390 EXPERIMENTS THERE IS GOING TO BE ONE MORE SAFFIRE THREE AND THEN 261 00:16:05,390 --> 00:16:08,910 WE WILL HAVE FOUR TO SIX, AND SO LET ME TELL YOU WHAT THREE IS 262 00:16:08,910 --> 00:16:11,240 GOING TO BE, IT IS GOING TO BE THE SAME MATERIAL THAT WAS USED 263 00:16:11,240 --> 00:16:15,530 LATER ON BUT SOME OF THE OTHER MATERIALS IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND 264 00:16:15,530 --> 00:16:18,620 THE FLAME PROPAGATION, AND SO THAT WILL COMPLETE THAT STORY. 265 00:16:18,620 --> 00:16:22,290 WE HAVE NEVER COMPLETED THE BOOK END OF STARTING A FIRE, 266 00:16:22,290 --> 00:16:26,080 EXTINGUISHING A FIRE AND DETECTING A PRODUCT AND THE 267 00:16:26,080 --> 00:16:27,080 SAFE. 268 00:16:27,080 --> 00:16:31,810 SO THEN WE HAVE PLANS THE SAFFIRE 4 TO 6, IN WHICH WE WILL 269 00:16:31,810 --> 00:16:34,560 ACTUALLY START THE FIRE AND WE HAVE WILL THE TESTERS AT A 270 00:16:34,560 --> 00:16:39,380 DIFFERENT PLACE AND THE PRODUCTS AND SO WE KNOW WHEN THE PLOW OF 271 00:16:39,380 --> 00:16:43,680 THE AIR, THAT IS A BASE LINE FLOW, HOW DO THESE PRODUCTS 272 00:16:43,680 --> 00:16:44,680 TRANSFER? 273 00:16:44,680 --> 00:16:45,680 WHERE DO THEY REACH? 274 00:16:45,680 --> 00:16:46,680 WHERE DO THEY HAVE? 275 00:16:46,680 --> 00:16:51,690 WE WILL ALSO TEST THE SCRUBBING MATERIALS FOR TAKING CARE OF THE 276 00:16:51,690 --> 00:16:54,240 COMBUSTION PART AND SEE HOW EFFECTIVE THAT IS. 277 00:16:54,240 --> 00:16:57,980 AND PREPARING TO FLY SENSORS WHICH ARE MORE OF THE STATE OF 278 00:16:57,980 --> 00:17:00,120 THE ART TO DETECT THAT. 279 00:17:00,120 --> 00:17:03,800 AND SO THAT IS A KEY SIX. 280 00:17:03,800 --> 00:17:05,289 >> NEXT QUESTION? 281 00:17:05,289 --> 00:17:07,289 RIGHT HERE. 282 00:17:07,289 --> 00:17:10,290 >> CHASE WITH SPACE LIGHT INSIDER.COM. 283 00:17:10,290 --> 00:17:14,189 SAFFIRE ONE AND DID THE STUDIES BEFORE, AND CAN YOU TELL US WHAT 284 00:17:14,189 --> 00:17:18,630 IF ANY OF THE ELEMENTS FROM THIS MISSION ARE FOLLOW ONES TO THE 285 00:17:18,630 --> 00:17:20,470 ORIGINAL MISSION? 286 00:17:20,470 --> 00:17:24,329 >> THE ORIGINAL, A QUESTION, AND THERE WERE SOME ORIGINAL 287 00:17:24,329 --> 00:17:27,020 EXPERIMENTS THAT WERE DONE ON THE SPACE STATION, AND THEN 288 00:17:27,020 --> 00:17:29,920 SAFFIRE ONE WAS DONE. 289 00:17:29,920 --> 00:17:31,940 >> SORRY. 290 00:17:31,940 --> 00:17:35,380 >> THAT WAS SAFFIRE ONE. 291 00:17:35,380 --> 00:17:38,010 YEAH. 292 00:17:38,010 --> 00:17:41,440 >> SO WE HAVE THIS PARTICULAR, AND WE WILL HAVE THE FOLLOW ONE 293 00:17:41,440 --> 00:17:45,150 OF THAT AND THE COMMONALITY TRAIT BETWEEN SAFFIRE ONE AND 294 00:17:45,150 --> 00:17:49,090 TWO, AND IS THAT THE WHOLE MATERIAL THAT WAS, AND IT WAS A 295 00:17:49,090 --> 00:17:50,090 40-94 CENTIMETERS, OKAY? 296 00:17:50,090 --> 00:17:54,790 AND NOW WE ARE GOING TO HAVE SOME MEDIUM AND SMALL SAMPLES 297 00:17:54,790 --> 00:18:00,990 AND SO WHEN YOU HAVE THE SMALL SAMPLE, AND THE MEDIUM. 298 00:18:00,990 --> 00:18:04,820 WE CAN DO IT AND WHERE IS THE FIRE, FROM THE SIZE OF MATERIAL 299 00:18:04,820 --> 00:18:07,750 AND SO THAT IS THE COMMON THREAD AND THE OTHER THING IS THAT I 300 00:18:07,750 --> 00:18:11,340 TOLD YOU THAT THE MATERIALS OF THE DIFFERENT THICKNESSES. 301 00:18:11,340 --> 00:18:14,880 WHICH ARE COMMONLY USED PARTICULAR LIKE SILICON OR 302 00:18:14,880 --> 00:18:18,230 PARTICULARLY THIS, THAT I TALKED ABOUT. 303 00:18:18,230 --> 00:18:24,250 AND SO THAT IS THE COMMONALITY IS THE SIZE OF THE MATERIAL. 304 00:18:24,250 --> 00:18:28,440 >> ANY OTHER QUESTIONS HERE IN THE ROOM? 305 00:18:28,440 --> 00:18:30,460 THANK YOU DR. 306 00:18:30,460 --> 00:18:32,070 JOSHI. 307 00:18:32,070 --> 00:18:34,820 UP NEXT I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME JESSE ROBBINS TO SPEAK TO US 308 00:18:34,820 --> 00:18:37,350 ABOUT THE COOL FLAMES INVESTIGATION, THIS 309 00:18:37,350 --> 00:18:40,290 INVESTIGATION ALSO LOOKING AT FIRE IN SPACE. 310 00:18:40,290 --> 00:18:43,850 CAME OUT OF AN UNEXPECTED OBSERVATION IN A PREVIOUS 311 00:18:43,850 --> 00:18:44,850 EXPERIMENT. 312 00:18:44,850 --> 00:18:46,860 JESSE COULD YOU TELL US ABOUT HOW THE COOL FLAMES 313 00:18:46,860 --> 00:18:50,750 INVESTIGATION CAME TO YOU AND HOW IT WILL WORK? 314 00:18:50,750 --> 00:18:51,920 >> SURE. 315 00:18:51,920 --> 00:18:58,170 OUR PROJECT HAS BEEN RUNNING COMBUSTION, SCIENCE ON THE 316 00:18:58,170 --> 00:19:06,840 STATION SINCE ABOUT 2009 AND MAINLY LOOKING AT LIQUID FUELS, 317 00:19:06,840 --> 00:19:14,000 HYDROCARBONS, ALCOHOLS AND MIXTURES THEREOF, AND OUR 318 00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:19,130 DIAGNOSTICS LOOK AT FLAME RADIATION AND FLAME DIAMETER AND 319 00:19:19,130 --> 00:19:27,260 FLAME TEMPERATURE AND DROPLET DIAMETER AND WHAT WE MAINLY SEE 320 00:19:27,260 --> 00:19:33,200 IS THE HOT FLAME ERUPT AND EXTINGUISH AND ALL OF THAT 321 00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:40,810 EVOLVING OVER TIME, EXCEPT IN CERTAIN CASES WITH CERTAIN FUELS 322 00:19:40,810 --> 00:19:44,970 SOMETHING INTERESTS HAS HAPPENED THAT NO ONE EXPECTED AND HAS NOT 323 00:19:44,970 --> 00:19:50,460 BEEN RECREATED ON THE GROUND, WHERE THIS FUSION FLAME WITH THE 324 00:19:50,460 --> 00:19:55,830 LARGER CHAIN STRAIGHT CHAIN OUT CAME THE HIGH CARBON NUMBER LIKE 325 00:19:55,830 --> 00:20:00,720 THE ALCANES AND DECANE. 326 00:20:00,720 --> 00:20:04,170 WHAT YOU SEE IS THE HOT FLAME M 327 00:20:04,170 --> 00:20:10,420 EXTINGUISHES AND THE DIAMETER GREATER THAN THE EVAPORATION 328 00:20:10,420 --> 00:20:13,100 ALONE WOULD DRIVE. 329 00:20:13,100 --> 00:20:16,360 AND IT TOOK A WHILE FOR THE SCIENTISTS TOO MAKE SENSE OF 330 00:20:16,360 --> 00:20:22,630 THIS AND THE LATEST EXPLANATION IS THE LOW TEMPERATURE CHEMISTRY 331 00:20:22,630 --> 00:20:27,770 EVENT HAPPENING CALLED THE COOL FLAME. 332 00:20:27,770 --> 00:20:35,340 AND THIS EXPERIMENT CFI IS FOLLOWING ON THOSE EXPERIMENTS 333 00:20:35,340 --> 00:20:39,881 TO FOLLOW UP AND ATTEMPT TO BETTER CHARACTERIZE WHAT IS 334 00:20:39,881 --> 00:20:44,510 HAPPENING WITH THIS LOW TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION. 335 00:20:44,510 --> 00:20:50,620 SO, WE CAN GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE. 336 00:20:50,620 --> 00:20:53,690 AND I CAN TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE HARDWARE THAT WE ARE SENDING UP 337 00:20:53,690 --> 00:20:56,290 ON SIGNAS TOMORROW. 338 00:20:56,290 --> 00:21:02,220 THE HARDWARE ON THE LEFT IS THE COMBUSTION INTEGRATED RACK AS 339 00:21:02,220 --> 00:21:05,820 PART OF THE FLUID COMBUSTION FACILITY, THAT IS WHERE WE RUN 340 00:21:05,820 --> 00:21:10,440 OUR COMBUSTION EXPERIMENTS INSIDE OF THE LARGE COMBUSTION 341 00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:12,630 CHAMBER IN THE CENTER THERE. 342 00:21:12,630 --> 00:21:17,220 GAS BOLTSES ARE LOADED ON THE TOP, AND WE CAN CONTROL THE 343 00:21:17,220 --> 00:21:23,260 MIXTURE OF OXYGEN AND THE PRESSURE IN THE CHAMBER AND WE 344 00:21:23,260 --> 00:21:28,920 DISPENSE AND IGNITE THE LIQUID FUEL LEAVING THE INSERT ON THE 345 00:21:28,920 --> 00:21:37,100 RIGHT, WHICH IS THE MULTI USER DROPPER APPARATUS AND WE WILL 346 00:21:37,100 --> 00:21:41,560 SEE INSIDE OF THAT A LITTLE BIT LATER. 347 00:21:41,560 --> 00:21:45,100 SOME OF THE HARDWARE ON THE EXTERIOR THAT YOU CAN SEE THERE, 348 00:21:45,100 --> 00:21:48,501 OR THE FUEL RESERVOIRS THERE ARE TWO IN THE FRONT, IF YOU CAN GO 349 00:21:48,501 --> 00:21:52,930 TO THE NEXT SLIDE, YOU WILL SEE AN ASTRONAUT REPLACING ONE OF 350 00:21:52,930 --> 00:21:57,230 THOSE IN HIS LEFT-HAND, AND YOU CAN SEE THE CIA INSERT IT INTO 351 00:21:57,230 --> 00:22:00,650 THE CHAMBER, AND FEEL ABOUT HALFWAY SO THAT HE CAN ACCESS 352 00:22:00,650 --> 00:22:03,230 SOME OF THE HARDWARE THAT HE NEEDS TO REPLACE. 353 00:22:03,230 --> 00:22:08,650 SO A LOT OF THE HARDWARE IS REPLACE ABLE AND CUSTOMIZABLE 354 00:22:08,650 --> 00:22:14,930 FOR EXPERIMENTS AND LIKE I SAID, WE HAVE TWEAKED THE DESIGN AND 355 00:22:14,930 --> 00:22:20,520 USED MULTIPLE DIFFERENT FUELS OVER THE LAST SEVEN YEARS. 356 00:22:20,520 --> 00:22:24,930 AND WE HAVE SEEN THIS LOW TEMPERATURE BEHAVE OR IN A 357 00:22:24,930 --> 00:22:31,080 COUPLE OF THE FUELS STRAIGHT CHAIN HIGH CARBON NUMBER ALKANES 358 00:22:31,080 --> 00:22:38,980 AND SO CFI IS SENDING UP SOME EXPERIMENTAL FUELS TO FURTHER 359 00:22:38,980 --> 00:22:40,670 LOOK INTO THAT. 360 00:22:40,670 --> 00:22:50,430 NORMAL GODECATE AS AN ISOMER WITH A BRANCHED GEOMETRY AND THE 361 00:22:50,430 --> 00:23:03,450 MIXTURE OF THE NORMAL ALKANES MIMICS THE CON S/* STANDARD 362 00:23:03,450 --> 00:23:06,680 FUEL AND THE DIESEL GASOLINE, AND TRYING TO GET A BETTER 363 00:23:06,680 --> 00:23:13,830 UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THIS LOW TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION COULD BE 364 00:23:13,830 --> 00:23:17,640 IMPLEMENTED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES OF THE NEXT 365 00:23:17,640 --> 00:23:21,930 GENERATION, PISTON ENGINES AND THE ACCI ENGINES OR THE CCI 366 00:23:21,930 --> 00:23:22,930 ENGINES. 367 00:23:22,930 --> 00:23:27,420 AND ALMOST, SPELLED IT AS OUT IF ANYONE ASKS ME LATER. 368 00:23:27,420 --> 00:23:30,320 AND SO WE CAN GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE. 369 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:33,880 AND SEE INSIDE THE NBCA. 370 00:23:33,880 --> 00:23:39,930 AND THIS SHOWS A DROPLET BEING DISPENSED BETWEEN THE TWO 371 00:23:39,930 --> 00:23:44,830 DEPLOYMENT NEEDLES AND BETWEEN TWO HOT WIRE IGNITERS AND THIS 372 00:23:44,830 --> 00:23:48,400 IS IN THE CENTER OF THE NBCA. 373 00:23:48,400 --> 00:23:53,200 AND THERE IS AN ARRAY OF CAMERAS IN THE SIR, AND MOUNTED TO THE 374 00:23:53,200 --> 00:23:58,630 COMBUSTION CHAMBER AND LOOKING IN AND GETTING IMAGES OF THE 375 00:23:58,630 --> 00:24:02,850 FLAMES, OF THE METRIC OUTPUT. 376 00:24:02,850 --> 00:24:06,230 AND A BACK LIT VIEW THAT SHOWS THE SILLOUETTE OF THE DROPLET 377 00:24:06,230 --> 00:24:12,610 AND YOU CAN MEASURE THE EVOLUTION OF THE DIAMETER OF THE 378 00:24:12,610 --> 00:24:18,130 DROPLET DURING THE BURN AND SO WE WILL HIT PLAY HERE ON THE 379 00:24:18,130 --> 00:24:19,600 VIDEO. 380 00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:23,320 AND THIS IS VERY AND THE DROPLET. 381 00:24:23,320 --> 00:24:26,760 AND YOU WILL SEE IT IS BEING HEATED BY THE IGNITERS AND THEY 382 00:24:26,760 --> 00:24:30,060 WILL PULL AWAY AFTER THE IGNITION, AND YOU CAN SEE THE 383 00:24:30,060 --> 00:24:33,580 HOT FLAME. 384 00:24:33,580 --> 00:24:40,840 AND THE EXTINCTION OCCURS RIGHT THERE AND THE FLAME GOES OUT. 385 00:24:40,840 --> 00:24:45,811 AND THE DROPLET LOOKS PRETTY QUIET, BUT WAIT FOR IT. 386 00:24:45,811 --> 00:24:50,870 THERE IT GOES. 387 00:24:50,870 --> 00:24:55,621 AND SO, WHAT IS FEEDING THAT REIGNITION IS THAT COOL FLAME 388 00:24:55,621 --> 00:25:01,070 LOW TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION WHICH IS DRIVING EVAPORATION OF THE 389 00:25:01,070 --> 00:25:05,480 FUEL BUT NOT BURNING IT AS FAST AS IT EVAPORATES SO IT CREATES A 390 00:25:05,480 --> 00:25:11,470 CLOUD OF FLAMMABLE GAS, WHICH THEN CAN REIGNITE AND THAT HAS 391 00:25:11,470 --> 00:25:17,070 IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRE SAFETY FOR LONG RANGE, LONG DURATION HUMAN 392 00:25:17,070 --> 00:25:19,570 SPACE FLIGHT AS YOU MIGHT EMERGENCY, YOU THINK THAT THE 393 00:25:19,570 --> 00:25:23,710 FIRE IS OUT AND LIKE ONE OF THOSE TRICK BIRTHDAY CANDLES AND 394 00:25:23,710 --> 00:25:28,809 YOU WALK AWAY AND THE BURST INTO FLAME WHEN YOU ARE NOT LOOKING. 395 00:25:28,809 --> 00:25:34,630 SO, TO THAT END, THIS NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE CO-EFFICIENT REGION 396 00:25:34,630 --> 00:25:42,420 WHERE THIS COMBUSTION IS OPERATING IS THE OR A BIG 397 00:25:42,420 --> 00:25:45,910 COMPONENT IN THE DESIGN OF THESE NEXT GENERATION INTERNAL 398 00:25:45,910 --> 00:25:48,890 COMBUSTION ENGINES AS WELL. 399 00:25:48,890 --> 00:25:56,940 AND SO FOR CFI ON THIS LAUNCH, WE HAVE THE HARDWARE NECESSARY 400 00:25:56,940 --> 00:26:06,430 TO UPGRADE THE FACILITY FOR THE CFI SCIENCE, INCLUDING DIE /* 401 00:26:06,430 --> 00:26:10,110 DIAGNOSTICS. 402 00:26:10,110 --> 00:26:12,890 BECAUSE YOU CAN SEE AS THE HOT FLAME GOES OUT THERE IS 403 00:26:12,890 --> 00:26:18,690 NOVICIBLE FLAME, BUT THE SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THAT IT IS 404 00:26:18,690 --> 00:26:25,380 THERE, JUST NONE OF OUR OURS CAN DETECT IT, SO A NEW IS BEING 405 00:26:25,380 --> 00:26:32,700 SET UP TO TRACK THE HOT AND THE COOL FLAME OSCILLATIONS AND 406 00:26:32,700 --> 00:26:37,809 ADAPT ITS SETTINGS SO THAT IT CAN FOLLOW THE HISTORY OF THE 407 00:26:37,809 --> 00:26:39,429 BURN. 408 00:26:39,429 --> 00:26:44,790 AND SO I THINK I WILL LEAVE IT THERE. 409 00:26:44,790 --> 00:26:45,790 >> ALL RIGHT. 410 00:26:45,790 --> 00:26:49,360 AND WE WILL NOW TAKE QUESTIONS FROM THE FOLKS IN THE ROOM AND 411 00:26:49,360 --> 00:26:54,010 VIA ON-LINE USING THE HASH TAG ASK NASA, THE FOLKS ON THE LINE 412 00:26:54,010 --> 00:27:01,630 CAN ENTER STAR ONE TO BE ENTERED DOO THE CUE, COULD YOU PLAY THE 413 00:27:01,630 --> 00:27:10,500 VIDEO JUST BECAUSE IT IS COOL. 414 00:27:10,500 --> 00:27:13,410 >> YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT IMAGING THE FLAME AS IT BUSHES, 415 00:27:13,410 --> 00:27:17,260 ARE YOU JUST IN THE FIRST GENERATION WERE YOU JUST IMAGING 416 00:27:17,260 --> 00:27:18,929 USING VISUAL WAVE LENGTHS? 417 00:27:18,929 --> 00:27:26,090 >> NO, UV WAVE LENGTHS THERE IS A CH FILTER FOR THE HOT FLAME 418 00:27:26,090 --> 00:27:30,100 THAT WE USED THAT DOES A REALLY GOOD JOB AT IMAGING THE 419 00:27:30,100 --> 00:27:35,280 EMISSIONS OF THE CH WAVE LENGTH. 420 00:27:35,280 --> 00:27:40,500 AND YOU CAN GET THE FLAME DIAMETER VERY CLEARLY USING THE 421 00:27:40,500 --> 00:27:44,420 UV CAMERA THAT WE CURRENTLY HAVE, THE NEXT CAMERA THAT WE 422 00:27:44,420 --> 00:27:48,180 ARE SENDING UP ON THIS FLIGHT, USES THAT SAME FILTER, BUT WITH 423 00:27:48,180 --> 00:27:56,430 THE INTENSIFIED CAMERA THAT IT, IT HAS A DEEPER UV CAPABILITY 424 00:27:56,430 --> 00:28:02,160 SXH IN THE COOL FLAME REGION, THE EMISSIONS EXPECTED THERE ARE 425 00:28:02,160 --> 00:28:06,179 DEEP WITHIN THAT AND SO THERE IS A FILTER WHEEL THAT CHANGES 426 00:28:06,179 --> 00:28:13,781 DEPENDING ON WHICH MODE THE BURN IS IN TO CAPTURE THE COOL FLAME 427 00:28:13,781 --> 00:28:17,340 THROUGH A SEPARATE FILTER, WITH THE DIFFERENT INTENTIONFIATION 428 00:28:17,340 --> 00:28:19,730 SETTINGS ON THE CAMERA. 429 00:28:19,730 --> 00:28:22,720 >> ALL RIGHT. 430 00:28:22,720 --> 00:28:27,740 DID YOU RAISE YOUR HAND? 431 00:28:27,740 --> 00:28:32,341 >> JARED, COULD YOU TELL US A LITTLE BIT WHY THE EXPERIMENT IN 432 00:28:32,341 --> 00:28:35,160 PARTICULAR IS WELL SUITED TO MICROGRAVITY, VERSES ATTEMPTING 433 00:28:35,160 --> 00:28:37,100 TO CREATE THE SAME HERE ON EARTH. 434 00:28:37,100 --> 00:28:42,510 >> IT IS A VERY LONG AS YOU CAN SEE ABOUT A MINUTE LONG 435 00:28:42,510 --> 00:28:44,100 COMBUSTION EVENT. 436 00:28:44,100 --> 00:28:50,760 AND THIS IN MICROGRAVITY, YOU GET THE FLAME AROUND THE 437 00:28:50,760 --> 00:28:51,760 DROPLET. 438 00:28:51,760 --> 00:28:56,910 AND THAT IS ONLY BECAUSE THERE IS A LACK OF CONVECTION. 439 00:28:56,910 --> 00:28:59,120 HEAVIER THINGS DON'T SINK AND LIGHTER THINGS DON'T RISE, 440 00:28:59,120 --> 00:29:03,710 BECAUSE THERE IS NO GRAVITY, THERE IS MICROGRAVITY. 441 00:29:03,710 --> 00:29:08,960 AND SO, RECREATING THAT ON THE GROUND IS VERY DIFFICULT. 442 00:29:08,960 --> 00:29:14,000 WE HAVE DROPPED TOWERS, WE HAVE PARABOLIC FLAMES THAT CAN GIVE 443 00:29:14,000 --> 00:29:21,930 YOU UP TO 20 SECONDS, OR SO, OF MICROGRAVITY, CONDITIONS BUT, AS 444 00:29:21,930 --> 00:29:28,790 YOU SEE FOR THE LARGER DROPLETS, THESE TESTS RUN TWO MINUTES. 445 00:29:28,790 --> 00:29:35,470 AND THERE IS REALLY NO WAY TO EFFECTIVELY CHARACTERIZE THE 446 00:29:35,470 --> 00:29:40,360 ENTIRE BURNING HISTORY FOR THESE LARGER DROP LET'S, EXCEPT IN THE 447 00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:44,710 STATION. 448 00:29:44,710 --> 00:29:49,049 >> OKAY. 449 00:29:49,049 --> 00:29:52,010 >> TALKING SPACE, WILL YOU BE TRACKING THE MOVEMENT OF THE 450 00:29:52,010 --> 00:29:54,800 FUELS DURING THE EXPERIMENT AND IF SO, WITH WHAT KIND OF 451 00:29:54,800 --> 00:29:56,740 EXPERIMENTATION? 452 00:29:56,740 --> 00:29:58,690 THANKS. 453 00:29:58,690 --> 00:30:00,530 TRACKING THE MOVEMENT OF THE FUELS? 454 00:30:00,530 --> 00:30:06,510 I MIGHT NEED A FOLLOW UP QUESTION WITH THAT. 455 00:30:06,510 --> 00:30:13,990 HOW EXACTLY DO YOU MEAN TRACKING THE MOVEMENT OF THE FUELS? 456 00:30:13,990 --> 00:30:26,970 >> WELL, OUR EQUIPMENT DEPLOYS THE DROPLET IN FREE SPACE, IN A 457 00:30:26,970 --> 00:30:30,040 MANNER SO THAT THERE IS VERY LITTLE MOTION OF THE DROPLET AND 458 00:30:30,040 --> 00:30:34,120 SO IT STAYS AT THE CENTER MUCH LIKE IN THE VIDEO, IT 459 00:30:34,120 --> 00:30:38,210 OCCASIONALLY YOU WILL GET THE BURNING OR IGNITION THAT MIGHT 460 00:30:38,210 --> 00:30:42,870 FORCE IT AND ACCELERATION ONE WAY OR THE OTHER. 461 00:30:42,870 --> 00:30:46,060 BUT THOSE ARE JUST FAILED ATTEMPTS THAT WE ARE, YOU KNOW, 462 00:30:46,060 --> 00:30:50,160 THAT WE RECREATE IN A SEPARATE TEST. 463 00:30:50,160 --> 00:31:00,590 >> AND WE HAVE GOT ONE MORE QUESTION OVER HERE. 464 00:31:00,590 --> 00:31:03,200 >> MY NAME IS KATHLEEN AND I AM THE ENVIRONMENTAL BROADCAST 465 00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:06,220 JOURNALIST AND I AM GOING TO ASK YOU THE MOST DIFFICULT QUESTION 466 00:31:06,220 --> 00:31:07,520 IN THE ROOM. 467 00:31:07,520 --> 00:31:10,660 WHAT I WOULD LIKE YOU TO DO IS BREAK DOWN EXACTLY WHAT YOU TOLD 468 00:31:10,660 --> 00:31:16,690 US IF YOU WERE TALKING TO MIDDLE SCHOOL SCIENCE STUDENTS. 469 00:31:16,690 --> 00:31:21,130 TELL THEM WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT AND WHAT THIS MEANS FOR FUTURE 470 00:31:21,130 --> 00:31:24,970 LAUNCHES. 471 00:31:24,970 --> 00:31:36,740 >> OKAY, SO, THE EFFICIENCY OF M 472 00:31:36,740 --> 00:31:43,290 CARS, THE CARS THAT WE ALL DRIVE EVERY DAY PUT OUT A LOT OF 473 00:31:43,290 --> 00:31:49,510 POLLUTION, SOME OF WHICH ARE GREENHOUSE GASES, AND THEY ARE 474 00:31:49,510 --> 00:31:52,050 NOT VERY EFFICIENT. 475 00:31:52,050 --> 00:31:53,990 LARGELY MORE EFFICIENT THAN IN THE PAST. 476 00:31:53,990 --> 00:31:58,880 BUT WE BELIEVE THERE IS A LOT OF WORK TO BE DONE TO CREATE MORE 477 00:31:58,880 --> 00:32:05,250 EFFICIENT ENGINES AND THE HCCI, ENGINE, AND THE CHARGE, 478 00:32:05,250 --> 00:32:11,790 COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE, AND THE REACTION CONTROLLED 479 00:32:11,790 --> 00:32:19,160 COMPRESSION ENGINES ARE TWO OF THE POSSIBLE BENEFICIARIES OF 480 00:32:19,160 --> 00:32:25,059 THIS TECHNOLOGY THAT WE ARE INVEST GATING. 481 00:32:25,059 --> 00:32:34,710 IF WE CAN CHARACTERIZE AND LEVERAGE THE FINDINGS FROM THIS 482 00:32:34,710 --> 00:32:37,780 EXPERIMENT, THEY CAN BE INCORPORATED INTO THE FUTURE 483 00:32:37,780 --> 00:32:43,660 TECHNOLOGY THAT CAN POSSIBLY TRADE CARS THAT TREAT THE WORLD 484 00:32:43,660 --> 00:32:47,500 MUCH BETTER. 485 00:32:47,500 --> 00:32:48,500 >> THAT WAS A TOUGH QUESTION. 486 00:32:48,500 --> 00:32:52,549 THAT IS ALL OF THE QUESTION THAT WE HAVE RIGHT NOW FOR JESSE. 487 00:32:52,549 --> 00:32:54,480 THANKS. 488 00:32:54,480 --> 00:32:56,419 JESSE. 489 00:32:56,419 --> 00:32:57,830 >> NOW I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME DR. 490 00:32:57,830 --> 00:33:00,600 LIZ WARREN, ASSOCIATE PROGRAM SCIENTIST WITH THE 491 00:33:00,600 --> 00:33:04,560 NATIONAL LAB WHICH IS MANAGED BY THE CENTER OF ADVANCEMENT FOR 492 00:33:04,560 --> 00:33:09,710 THE SCIENCE IN SPACE, AND HENRY MARTIN WHO IS THE PAYLOAD 493 00:33:09,710 --> 00:33:14,990 COORDINATOR AND THEY WILL BE TELLING US ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY 494 00:33:14,990 --> 00:33:18,820 THAT COULD BE OPENING UP NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE LAB AND 495 00:33:18,820 --> 00:33:22,720 FUTURE RESEARCHERS LOOKING TO CONDUCT SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS 496 00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:24,750 ABOARD THE STATION. 497 00:33:24,750 --> 00:33:26,940 CAN YOU TELL US A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT IS ON BOARD FOR THE 498 00:33:26,940 --> 00:33:27,940 NATIONAL LAB? 499 00:33:27,940 --> 00:33:30,700 >> ABSOLUTELY, AND THANK YOU. 500 00:33:30,700 --> 00:33:31,700 AND HELLO. 501 00:33:31,700 --> 00:33:34,260 WE ARE EXCITED TO BE HERE TODAY, TO TELL YOU A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 502 00:33:34,260 --> 00:33:36,540 SOME OF THE NEW ENABLES TECHNOLOGIES THAT WE ARE 503 00:33:36,540 --> 00:33:41,460 LAUNCHING TO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, AS KATHRYN SAID, 504 00:33:41,460 --> 00:33:45,030 WE ARE PRIVILEGED TO MANAGE THE NATIONAL LAB PORTION OF THE 505 00:33:45,030 --> 00:33:47,380 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 506 00:33:47,380 --> 00:33:50,920 WE PROVIDE ACCESS TO THE SPACE STATION TO THE RESEARCH 507 00:33:50,920 --> 00:33:55,340 COMMUNITY AND ACADEMICS AND OTHER INDUSTRIES. 508 00:33:55,340 --> 00:33:59,470 WE ALSO KEEP AN EYE AND LOOK TO ENHANCE RESEARCH CAPABILITIES 509 00:33:59,470 --> 00:34:04,150 FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATIONS TO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 510 00:34:04,150 --> 00:34:08,020 IN THE PAST YEAR, THE ISS NATIONAL LAB HAS WORKED WITH 511 00:34:08,020 --> 00:34:13,240 IMPLEMENTATION PARTNERS TO BRING A NEW ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES TO 512 00:34:13,240 --> 00:34:16,869 THE SPACE STATION FOR THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY, INCLUDING 513 00:34:16,869 --> 00:34:23,159 THE EXTERNAL PLATFORM, AND THE SPACE TANGO SPACE, AND THE TANGO 514 00:34:23,159 --> 00:34:24,799 LAB ONE. 515 00:34:24,799 --> 00:34:27,490 AND THE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FACILITY. 516 00:34:27,490 --> 00:34:31,669 AND ON THIS LAUNCH, I WILL TELL YOU ABOUT TWO ADDITIONAL 517 00:34:31,669 --> 00:34:36,470 RESEARCH CAPABILITIES AND HENRY WILL TELL YOU ABOUT SOME MORE. 518 00:34:36,470 --> 00:34:37,470 AS MR. 519 00:34:37,470 --> 00:34:40,319 PETE HASBROOK AINCLUDED TO EARLIER, THE INTERNATIONAL 520 00:34:40,319 --> 00:34:44,210 SPACE STATION IS AN INCREDIBLE RESEARCH FACILITY, YOU HAVE 521 00:34:44,210 --> 00:34:47,389 HEARD ABOUT THE COMBUSTION EVENTS THAT ARE REALLY ONLY 522 00:34:47,389 --> 00:34:51,530 POSSIBLE IN MICROGRAVITY. 523 00:34:51,530 --> 00:34:53,889 THAT IS ONE OF THE UNIQUE ASPECTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL 524 00:34:53,889 --> 00:34:57,380 SPACE STATION IS SUSTAINED MICROGRAVITY, AND FOR A 525 00:34:57,380 --> 00:35:01,960 RESEARCHER THAT MEANS THAT YOU MAY BE PROVIDED WITH THE UNIQUE 526 00:35:01,960 --> 00:35:06,150 INSIGHTS THAT YOU MAY NOT BE ABLE TO DO OR BE ABLE TO FIND IN 527 00:35:06,150 --> 00:35:08,369 YOUR RESEARCH, ON EARTH. 528 00:35:08,369 --> 00:35:14,440 HOWEVER, IN SOME CASES, THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY WANTS EVEN 529 00:35:14,440 --> 00:35:19,539 MORE PURE MICROGRAVITY RESEARCH, THAN IS POSSIBLE ON A FOOTBALL 530 00:35:19,539 --> 00:35:22,799 SIZED OR A FOOTBALL FIELD SIZED LABORATORY LIKE THE 531 00:35:22,799 --> 00:35:26,049 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, THERE IS LITTLE GOSSEL AND WHAT 532 00:35:26,049 --> 00:35:29,280 WE CALLED, THE GGITER ON THE SPACE STATION BECAUSE THERE ARE 533 00:35:29,280 --> 00:35:32,390 SIX PEOPLE LIVING THERE AND A BUNCH OF EQUIPMENT ON BOARD AND 534 00:35:32,390 --> 00:35:37,759 THAT PRODUCES THE LITTLE VIOLATIONS, AND SO, THE FIRST 535 00:35:37,759 --> 00:35:39,260 EXPERIMENT THAT I WILL TELL YOU ABOUT OR THE FIRST FACILITY, IF 536 00:35:39,260 --> 00:35:42,619 YOU WANT TO ROLL THE VIDEO IS CALLED THE CONTROLLED DYNAMIC 537 00:35:42,619 --> 00:35:43,619 LOCKER. 538 00:35:43,619 --> 00:35:48,739 AND CDL IS AN ACTIVE VIBRATION ISOLATION SYSTEM, SO WHAT THAT 539 00:35:48,739 --> 00:35:53,170 MEANS IS THAT IS PROVIDES A VERY PURE, MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT 540 00:35:53,170 --> 00:35:57,900 BY CANCELLING OUT ALL OF THE G, JITTERS THAT MIGHT BE I AM 541 00:35:57,900 --> 00:36:04,910 IMPARTED ON THE RACK IT COULD BE UP SCALED TO A LARGER FACILITY, 542 00:36:04,910 --> 00:36:08,890 BUT RIGHT NOW THIS IS WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE. 543 00:36:08,890 --> 00:36:12,829 THE TYPES OF RESEARCH THAT MIGHT TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE CDL 544 00:36:12,829 --> 00:36:18,980 INCLUDE MACRO CRYSTAL GROWTH, PLANT BIOLOGY AND CELL CULTURE 545 00:36:18,980 --> 00:36:21,979 AND STEM CELLS. 546 00:36:21,979 --> 00:36:26,210 AND ALSO, FLUID PHYSICS SUCH AS THE RECENTLY ANNOUNCED NSF 547 00:36:26,210 --> 00:36:29,369 FUNDED FLUID DYNAMICS INVESTIGATIONS. 548 00:36:29,369 --> 00:36:34,510 CVL IS ALSO PROGRAMMABLE SUCH THAT IF A RESEARCHER WANTS TO 549 00:36:34,510 --> 00:36:37,450 HAVE A KNOWN VIOLATION IMPARTED INTO THEIR EXPERIMENT THEY CAN 550 00:36:37,450 --> 00:36:40,630 ALSO DO THAT. 551 00:36:40,630 --> 00:36:43,589 THE OTHER FACILITY IS ACTUALLY JUST GETTING AN UPGRADE AND 552 00:36:43,589 --> 00:36:44,589 MR. 553 00:36:44,589 --> 00:36:47,930 PETE HAS RECOMMENDED THAT EARLIER SUBSA, THE SOLIDIFY OF 554 00:36:47,930 --> 00:36:52,670 USING THE BATHEL WHICH IS A FURNACE EXISTING AROUND ON THE 555 00:36:52,670 --> 00:36:56,039 SPACE STATION, AND WE ARE LAUNCHING UP THE IMPROVEMENT 556 00:36:56,039 --> 00:36:59,819 HARDWARE TO THE SPACE STATION SO THAT THE FUTURE USERS WILL BE 557 00:36:59,819 --> 00:37:04,930 ABLE TO CONDUCT AS PETE SAID SOME SEMICONDUCTOR RESEARCH TO 558 00:37:04,930 --> 00:37:09,809 IMPROVE THEM HERE ON EARTH. 559 00:37:09,809 --> 00:37:13,749 AND WITH THAT, HENRY I WILL HAND IT OVER TO YOU. 560 00:37:13,749 --> 00:37:14,799 >> THANK YOU, LIZ. 561 00:37:14,799 --> 00:37:18,450 GOOD EVENING, EVERYBODY, AGAIN MY MAME IS HENRY MARTIN AND I AM 562 00:37:18,450 --> 00:37:21,900 HAPPY TO BE HERE AND THIS IS AN EXCITING TIME BECAUSE JUST THIS 563 00:37:21,900 --> 00:37:25,359 WEEK THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TALKED ABOUT THE NEXT 564 00:37:25,359 --> 00:37:29,489 STEPS PROGRAM WHERE THEY HAVE SELECTED SIX COMPANIES TO 565 00:37:29,489 --> 00:37:33,670 RESEARCH THE COMMERCIAL HABITATS FOR BELOW EARTH'S ORBIT AND 566 00:37:33,670 --> 00:37:39,900 BEYOND, AND WE ARE ONE OF THE SIX AT ORBITAL ATK WHO WE WILL 567 00:37:39,900 --> 00:37:42,119 BE LAUNCHING TOMORROW. 568 00:37:42,119 --> 00:37:45,349 ON THIS MISSION YOU CAN SEE HERE, WE HAVE TWO PAY LOADS, ONE 569 00:37:45,349 --> 00:37:51,329 IS THE EXTERNAL DEPLOYER, AND NANARAX, IS KNOWN FOR SHOOTING 570 00:37:51,329 --> 00:37:55,710 THE CUBES OUT OF THE STATION, SO FOR THOSE ON TV. 571 00:37:55,710 --> 00:37:57,869 WE HAVE DONE THAT NOW 139 TIMES. 572 00:37:57,869 --> 00:37:59,599 OH, YEAH, YOU CAN HOLD IT. 573 00:37:59,599 --> 00:38:01,509 THIS IS THE SPACE BY THE WAY AND SO THAT IS COOL. 574 00:38:01,509 --> 00:38:02,509 ONLY 6.1 KG. 575 00:38:02,509 --> 00:38:11,479 >> AND WE HAVE DONE IT 139 AND WE ARE NOW DOING IT ON THE 576 00:38:11,479 --> 00:38:21,619 OUTSIDE OF THE SIGNAS IT STAYS ON THE OUTSIDE, AND THEN IT WILL 577 00:38:21,619 --> 00:38:27,479 TRAVEL TO A HIGHER ORBIT THAN THE ISS, 450 KM AND IT WILL 578 00:38:27,479 --> 00:38:32,619 SHOOT OUT FOUR LEMERS AND SO THAT IS THE FIRST PRIORITY AND 579 00:38:32,619 --> 00:38:36,440 WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT IT PENDING ALL OPERATIONS SO IF YOU IMAGINE 580 00:38:36,440 --> 00:38:38,989 THE PIECE OF HARDWARE, IT IS ABOUT SIX OF THESE THINGS 581 00:38:38,989 --> 00:38:41,369 STACKED UP ON EACH OTHER AND IT IS ABOUT THE SIZE OF YOUR OVEN 582 00:38:41,369 --> 00:38:42,369 IN YOUR KITCHEN. 583 00:38:42,369 --> 00:38:46,359 AND THE NEXT PAYLOAD IS THE BLACK BOX AND SO THE NEXT SLIDE 584 00:38:46,359 --> 00:38:47,359 PLEASE? 585 00:38:47,359 --> 00:38:50,529 HERE IS THE SIGNAS AND YOU WILL SEE IT RIGHT THERE, THE LITTLE 586 00:38:50,529 --> 00:38:56,049 RED CIRCLE AND YOU CAN GO ON TO THE NEXT SLIDE TOO. 587 00:38:56,049 --> 00:38:57,049 SO THERE IT IS AGAIN. 588 00:38:57,049 --> 00:38:59,569 AND RED ARROW AND VERY SCHOOL SHOTS, THE CREW TOOK THOSE AND 589 00:38:59,569 --> 00:39:04,789 IT IS NEAT TO LOOK AT, THE NICE TOUCH AND NEXT SLIDE PLEASE, BUT 590 00:39:04,789 --> 00:39:08,260 WE ARE EXCITED ABOUT THIS IS THE BLACK BOX AND IT IS CALLED THE 591 00:39:08,260 --> 00:39:11,140 BLACK BOX AND I WILL ADDRESS IT NOW, BECAUSE REALLY THE OUTSIDE 592 00:39:11,140 --> 00:39:14,190 STAYS THE SAME, AND IT IS POWER AND DATA, BUT THE INSIDE YOU CAN 593 00:39:14,190 --> 00:39:17,099 SWAP OUT TONS OF DIFFERENT PAY LOADS AND SO REALLY YOU JUST 594 00:39:17,099 --> 00:39:20,310 OPEN IT UP AND REPLACE SOMETHING AND THEN SEND IT UP, WHAT IS 595 00:39:20,310 --> 00:39:23,170 ALSO COOL ABOUT THIS, IS THAT IT IS DESIGNED FOR THE NEAR LAUNCH 596 00:39:23,170 --> 00:39:26,920 PAYLOAD TURNOVER, AND SO A LOT OF STUFF, THE GOOD SCIENCE, AND 597 00:39:26,920 --> 00:39:31,349 SOME SCIENCE CANNOT WAIT IN A BOX FOR I DON'T KNOW, 30 DAYS, 598 00:39:31,349 --> 00:39:33,499 OR THREE MONTHS, BEFORE IT LAUNCHES. 599 00:39:33,499 --> 00:39:35,789 AND IT IS LIFETIME, AND SO THIS ALLOWS FOR THE NEAR LAUNCH 600 00:39:35,789 --> 00:39:38,660 TURNOVER SO THAT WE CAN GET IT UP THERE, QUICKER. 601 00:39:38,660 --> 00:39:42,609 IT IS ALSO A PURELY ATONOMOUS OPERATED MACHINE AND SO WE DON'T 602 00:39:42,609 --> 00:39:45,140 NEED THE CREW INTERACTION, IT HAS A LOT OF STUFF TO DO, AND 603 00:39:45,140 --> 00:39:48,170 THE OTHER THINGS TO DO, LIKE THE COMBUSTION AND HOPEFULLY WE WILL 604 00:39:48,170 --> 00:39:49,920 NOT BE DOING THE COMBUSTION. 605 00:39:49,920 --> 00:39:53,030 AND SO, AND SO IT REALLY TAKES THAT ELEMENT OUT AND IT ALLOWS 606 00:39:53,030 --> 00:39:57,500 FOR THE MORE ATONOMOUS OPERATION AS IT FURTHER ANALYZES IT. 607 00:39:57,500 --> 00:40:02,900 AND WE CAN HANDLE 18 U, AND IT IS TEN BY TEN, BY TEN, AND WE 608 00:40:02,900 --> 00:40:05,150 ARE EXCITED ON THIS ONE AND WE WILL BE FLYING IT AGAIN ON THE 609 00:40:05,150 --> 00:40:08,690 SPACE X, ELEVEN IN JANUARY OR MARCH WHATEVER THAT IS. 610 00:40:08,690 --> 00:40:09,809 SO YEAH. 611 00:40:09,809 --> 00:40:13,330 >> ALL RIGHT, THANKS, WE WILL NOW TAKE THE QUESTIONS FROM THE 612 00:40:13,330 --> 00:40:15,789 FOLKS HERE IN THE ROOM AND AGAIN ON THE PHONE IF YOU PRESS STAR 613 00:40:15,789 --> 00:40:19,930 ONE, AND ON-LINE USING THE HASH TAG ASK NASA AND I BELIEVE THAT 614 00:40:19,930 --> 00:40:21,559 WE DO HAVE A QUESTION ON THE PHONE. 615 00:40:21,559 --> 00:40:22,559 >> IRENE YOUR LINE IS OPEN. 616 00:40:22,559 --> 00:40:23,559 >> THANK YOU, CAN YOU HEAR ME. 617 00:40:23,559 --> 00:40:24,649 >> YES, MA'AM, PRECEDE WITH YOUR QUESTION. 618 00:40:24,649 --> 00:40:49,750 >> I ACTUALLY HAVE A QUESTION A WHILE BACK. 619 00:40:49,750 --> 00:40:55,290 >> YOU CAN GO AHEAD WITH ONE OF THE QUESTIONS IN THE ROOM. 620 00:40:55,290 --> 00:41:00,749 >> YOU HERE IN THE MIDDLE THAT WILL BE HARD TO GET TO. 621 00:41:00,749 --> 00:41:04,759 >> HI, THERE. 622 00:41:04,759 --> 00:41:08,700 FROM THE GMINUS, AND QUICK QUESTION. 623 00:41:08,700 --> 00:41:12,970 HOW DOES THAT STABILIZATION SYSTEM OF THAT PLATFORM WORK? 624 00:41:12,970 --> 00:41:17,689 >> SO, THIS IS ACTUALLY PLUGGED IN TO THE RACK. 625 00:41:17,689 --> 00:41:21,270 >> NO, NO, THE PLATFORM STABILIZER FOR THE PLANT. 626 00:41:21,270 --> 00:41:27,329 >> OH, AS I UNDERSTAND IT IT IS DONE MAGNETICALLY AND THE VIDEO 627 00:41:27,329 --> 00:41:30,200 THAT YOU SAW SHOWED THAT THE SAFETY CAPTURE, AND THEN THE 628 00:41:30,200 --> 00:41:32,789 LETTING GO AND IN FACT IT WAS FILMED IN ONE GRAVITY 629 00:41:32,789 --> 00:41:35,349 ENVIRONMENT AND SO THAT IS WHAT THE LITTLE SPRING ON TOP WAS 630 00:41:35,349 --> 00:41:39,359 FOR, BUT IT USES MAGNETS AND LASERS FOR ALIGNMENT I BELIEVE. 631 00:41:39,359 --> 00:41:43,089 BUT WE HAVE A FACT SHEET THAT I CAN SEND YOU FOR THE FURTHER 632 00:41:43,089 --> 00:41:47,799 DETAIL, AND I THINK THAT THE DATA ARE THAT IT IS 500 TIMES 633 00:41:47,799 --> 00:41:52,240 QUIETER, THAN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, MICROGRAVITY 634 00:41:52,240 --> 00:41:55,989 ENVIRONMENT, WHICH OF COURSE IS FINE FOR MOST RESEARCH, BUT SOME 635 00:41:55,989 --> 00:41:59,760 PEOPLE REALLY WANT THAT QUIET, AND THERE YOU GO, YOU CAN 636 00:41:59,760 --> 00:42:03,369 ACTUALLY SEE SOME OF THE LASER ALIGNMENT AND THIS, MAGNETICALLY 637 00:42:03,369 --> 00:42:06,549 CONTROLLED. 638 00:42:06,549 --> 00:42:09,679 >> NEXT QUESTION? 639 00:42:09,679 --> 00:42:19,180 >> JEFF, SPACE, FOR HENRY, ARE YOU CARRYING ANY CUBES FOR THE 640 00:42:19,180 --> 00:42:21,460 DEPLOYMENT TO CARRY INSIDE OF THE SPACE STATION FOR THE 641 00:42:21,460 --> 00:42:22,460 DEPLOYMENT? 642 00:42:22,460 --> 00:42:25,900 >> NOT ON OA FIVE, WE HAVE NO INTERNAL NSRDS AS WE CALL IT. 643 00:42:25,900 --> 00:42:28,720 >> AND FOR THE EXTERNAL ONES, ARE WE DOING THAT TO JUST GET TO 644 00:42:28,720 --> 00:42:33,570 GET THEM IN THE ORBIT OR ALSO TO GET AROUND THE CONGESTION OF 645 00:42:33,570 --> 00:42:36,000 USING THE AIR LOCK WHICH IS IN M 646 00:42:36,000 --> 00:42:37,150 HIGH, DEMAND. 647 00:42:37,150 --> 00:42:44,480 YES, IT IS HARD TO COME BACK, WE DECON GUEST, THIS ORBIT ALLOWS 648 00:42:44,480 --> 00:42:48,683 IT TO STAY UP LONGER, IF YOU HAVE A BIRD UP THERE, YOU WHAT 649 00:42:48,683 --> 00:42:50,430 NT TO FLY IT AS LONG AS YOU CAN. 650 00:42:50,430 --> 00:42:54,739 WE ARE ESTIMATING THAT THEY WILL BE UP THERE FOR THREE YEARS, ANY 651 00:42:54,739 --> 00:43:00,710 AND SO IT IS EXCITING FOR THE PEOPLE WHO WANT TO STAY IN THE 652 00:43:00,710 --> 00:43:02,269 AIR LONGER. 653 00:43:02,269 --> 00:43:06,219 >> ALL RIGHT, ANY OTHER QUESTIONS HERE IN THE ROOM? 654 00:43:06,219 --> 00:43:10,969 AGAIN, PRESS STAR ONE IF YOU ARE ON THE PHONE AND USE THE HASH 655 00:43:10,969 --> 00:43:15,399 TAG ASK NASA IF YOU ARE HAVING ANY QUESTIONS ON-LINE. 656 00:43:15,399 --> 00:43:17,719 >> ALL RIGHT. 657 00:43:17,719 --> 00:43:18,720 THANK YOU. 658 00:43:18,720 --> 00:43:19,720 >> THANKS. 659 00:43:19,720 --> 00:43:24,190 >> AND ED HARRIS IS UP NEXT, HE IS PARTNER AT EDGE OF SPACE. 660 00:43:24,190 --> 00:43:27,109 AND HE IS GOING TO TELL US ABOUT THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH MANORACK 661 00:43:27,109 --> 00:43:30,190 AND ANOTHER COMPANY CALLED SPHERO AS ONE OF THE PAY LOADS 662 00:43:30,190 --> 00:43:34,999 THAT IS GOING IN THE BLACK BOX THAT YOU JUST HEARD ABOUT. 663 00:43:34,999 --> 00:43:38,339 >> CAN YOU TELL US MORE ABOUT THE PARTNERSHIP AND WHAT IT IS 664 00:43:38,339 --> 00:43:39,470 THAT YOU HAVE UP HERE. 665 00:43:39,470 --> 00:43:40,470 >> ABSOLUTELY. 666 00:43:40,470 --> 00:43:44,519 AND SO WE ARE FLYING AN EXPERIMENT AND WHAT WE ARE DOING 667 00:43:44,519 --> 00:43:50,450 IS WE ARE FLYING THIS SFERO SPARK EDUCATIONAL ROBOT. 668 00:43:50,450 --> 00:43:54,040 AND I THINK THAT THE BEST THING TO DO BEFORE I TALK ABOUT IT, 669 00:43:54,040 --> 00:43:57,519 WOULD BE TO ROLL THIS REALLY COOL VIDEO THAT THEY MADE AND IT 670 00:43:57,519 --> 00:44:15,059 WILL SHOW YOU A LOT ABOUT THAT. 671 00:44:15,059 --> 00:44:55,729 >> IN IS THE EDUCATIONAL UNIT, AND IT ACTUALLY ROLLED OUT TO 672 00:44:55,729 --> 00:45:01,619 A PARTNERSHIP. 673 00:45:01,619 --> 00:45:13,779 AND THE COMPANY HAS THE SPACE. 674 00:45:13,779 --> 00:45:17,930 >> THEY LIKE TO TALK ABOUT SHARING THEIR CODING, AND WHAT 675 00:45:17,930 --> 00:45:22,529 WE DID IS WE CREATED A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS AND WE HAVE A SERIES 676 00:45:22,529 --> 00:45:26,979 OF SCHOOLS THAT THEY PARTNER WITH AND COME IN AND DEVELOP 677 00:45:26,979 --> 00:45:29,799 CODES, USING THE OPEN SOURCE APP FOR THIS ROBOT. 678 00:45:29,799 --> 00:45:34,099 AND THOSE CODES WHO HAVE BEEN LOADED IN THE ROBOT AND IN THE 679 00:45:34,099 --> 00:45:39,589 BLACK BOX AND IT WILL OPERATE AND IT WILL BE FILMED, THAT DATA 680 00:45:39,589 --> 00:45:42,150 WILL BE BROUGHT BACK AND WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP A SERIES OF 681 00:45:42,150 --> 00:45:45,490 ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS, AND THE LESSON PLANS, AND THE OTHER 682 00:45:45,490 --> 00:45:48,460 CODES AND THINGS LIKE THAT, DP AND IT WILL BE SHARED OPEN 683 00:45:48,460 --> 00:45:50,599 SOURCE ON THE WEBSITE. 684 00:45:50,599 --> 00:45:55,960 AND THE PARTNERS SUCH AS CODE.ORG, ABOUT A YEAR AGO, 685 00:45:55,960 --> 00:45:58,890 SPHERO, DEVELOPED A PROGRAM THAT THEY CALLED, LIGHTNING LAB, CL 686 00:45:58,890 --> 00:46:03,400 IS AN INTERACTIVE COMMUNITY OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS AND 687 00:46:03,400 --> 00:46:08,660 MAKERS, AND CODERS, WHO ALL COME TOGETHER USING THIS ROBOT TO 688 00:46:08,660 --> 00:46:10,849 ESSENTIALLY DEVELOP THE PROGRAMMING THAT TEACHES 689 00:46:10,849 --> 00:46:13,740 ROBOTICS, AND THAT REINFORCES THE EXISTING CURRICULUM IN THE 690 00:46:13,740 --> 00:46:17,160 SCHOOLS AND TEACHING THE LOWER AND MIDDLE SCHOOL MATH AND 691 00:46:17,160 --> 00:46:22,420 PHYSICS AND GEOMETRY, AND YOU KNOW, GEOGRAPHY AND ART, AND 692 00:46:22,420 --> 00:46:27,799 OBVIOUSLY CODING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE, TO DATE THERE HAVE BEEN 693 00:46:27,799 --> 00:46:30,660 ABOUT, 75,000 PROGRAMS WRITTEN FOR THIS. 694 00:46:30,660 --> 00:46:35,049 VERY BY SFPERO AND MOSTLY BY THE OUTSIDE, STUDENTS AND CODERS, 695 00:46:35,049 --> 00:46:39,059 AND WHAT WE ARE TRYING TO ACHIEVE WITH THIS IS TO BRING 696 00:46:39,059 --> 00:46:43,380 BACK THAT CONSTITUENCY AND THAT GREAT AUDIENCE THAT THEY HAVE 697 00:46:43,380 --> 00:46:45,910 AND THAT THE PEOPLE THAT ARE INTERESTED IN ROBOT TIKZ AND 698 00:46:45,910 --> 00:46:50,410 BRING THAT TOGETHER WITH THE IDEA OF SPACE FLIGHT. 699 00:46:50,410 --> 00:46:51,410 AND THE ISS. 700 00:46:51,410 --> 00:46:54,190 AND THE EXPERIMENTS AND THE EDUCATIONAL EXPERIMENTS AND THE 701 00:46:54,190 --> 00:46:57,190 SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS THAT GO ON ON THE ISS RIGHT NOW. 702 00:46:57,190 --> 00:47:04,599 AND INVIGORATE THE STUDENTS AND BY USING THE EXCITEMENT AND THE 703 00:47:04,599 --> 00:47:07,849 ENGAGEMENT OF SPACE FLIGHT, AND IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE 704 00:47:07,849 --> 00:47:09,029 STATION. 705 00:47:09,029 --> 00:47:15,349 >> SO, ONCE THIS IS COMPLETED AND THE APP, IS PUT OUT AND THE 706 00:47:15,349 --> 00:47:18,280 LESSON PLANS ARE PUT OUT AND THINGS OF THAT NATURE, THEY WILL 707 00:47:18,280 --> 00:47:22,869 IMMEDIATELY BE AVAILABLE TO A GROUP OF 5,000-PLUS, SCHOOLS 708 00:47:22,869 --> 00:47:26,770 THAT THEY ARE ALREADY PARTNERS WITH, 15,000 PLUS TEACHERS AND 709 00:47:26,770 --> 00:47:30,119 OVER, 500,000 STUDENTS AND THAT NUMBER WILL GROW, AS A 710 00:47:30,119 --> 00:47:34,650 PARTNERSHIPS GROW AND THESE ABSENT, LESSON PLANS GET PUSHED 711 00:47:34,650 --> 00:47:38,849 OUT AND SO WE ARE WHAT WE ARE HOPING TO DO IS TO REACH, 712 00:47:38,849 --> 00:47:43,150 MILLIONS OF STUDENTS, ALL ENGAGING IN USING THIS ROBOT AND 713 00:47:43,150 --> 00:47:45,779 THE EXPERIMENT AND THE EXCITEMENT AND THE ENGAGEMENT OF 714 00:47:45,779 --> 00:47:49,380 WHAT IS DONE ON THE ISS, TO LEARN CODING AND TO DEVELOP 715 00:47:49,380 --> 00:47:53,549 PROGRAMS, AND TO REINFORCE THOSE LESSONS THAT THEY ARE GOING 716 00:47:53,549 --> 00:47:54,549 THROUGH RIGHT NOW. 717 00:47:54,549 --> 00:47:56,460 AND LOWER AND MIDDLE SCHOOLS. 718 00:47:56,460 --> 00:47:59,759 >> AND SO IT IS VERY EXCITING FOR US, AND WE ARE, WE ARE 719 00:47:59,759 --> 00:48:01,269 LOOKING FORWARD TO THE RESULTS OF THIS. 720 00:48:01,269 --> 00:48:04,000 AND ALL OF THE GREAT THINGS THAT THE STUDENTS COME UP WITH, AND 721 00:48:04,000 --> 00:48:06,099 BECAUSE I WILL TELL YOU RIGHT NOW, THERE IS NOTHING MORE 722 00:48:06,099 --> 00:48:10,300 POWERFUL THAN AN INTELLIGENT, MOTIVATED 12-YEAR-OLD WITH A 723 00:48:10,300 --> 00:48:11,300 ROBOT. 724 00:48:11,300 --> 00:48:12,300 >> YEAH? 725 00:48:12,300 --> 00:48:15,190 >> ALL RIGHT, WE WILL NOW TAKE QUESTIONS FROM THE FOLKS IN THE 726 00:48:15,190 --> 00:48:18,200 ROOM AS WELL AS ON-LINE, AGAIN, PRESS STAR ONE TO BE ENTERED 727 00:48:18,200 --> 00:48:22,779 INTO THE QUE OR ON-LINE ON THE WEB, USING THE HASH TAG ASK 728 00:48:22,779 --> 00:48:26,549 NASA. 729 00:48:26,549 --> 00:48:29,339 >> SPACE FLIGHT INSIDER, HOW WOULD IT BE USED IN TERMS OF THE 730 00:48:29,339 --> 00:48:32,690 JOURNEY TO MARS, COULD YOU SEE IT TRAVELING TO THE RED PLANET? 731 00:48:32,690 --> 00:48:38,559 >> ABSOLUTELY, I CAN SEE THAT, I AM NOT DOING THAT AS A PLUG, THE 732 00:48:38,559 --> 00:48:41,260 ROBOT AND AND THERE ARE INTERESTING THINGS THAT THE 733 00:48:41,260 --> 00:48:45,579 ROBOT HAS BEEN ABLE TO DO, I HAVE SEEN THE STUDENTS BUILD A 734 00:48:45,579 --> 00:48:53,190 MARS ROVER USING THIS AS THE DRIVE TRAIN, AND THE COMPUTER 735 00:48:53,190 --> 00:48:56,309 THAT RUNS THEM AROUND, THAT WAS INNOVATIVE. 736 00:48:56,309 --> 00:48:59,630 COULD SOMETHING LIKE THIS ESSENTIALLY COMMERCIAL OFF OF 737 00:48:59,630 --> 00:49:04,709 THE SHELF HARDWARE BE UTILIZED IN THE NASA JOURNEY TO MARS? 738 00:49:04,709 --> 00:49:06,079 HOW, EXACT SLI? 739 00:49:06,079 --> 00:49:08,430 I DON'T KNOW, I THINK THAT WE TURN IN THE 12 YEAR OLD AND SEE 740 00:49:08,430 --> 00:49:10,430 WHAT THEY COME UP WITH. 741 00:49:10,430 --> 00:49:16,710 >> ALL RIGHT, COME OVER HERE. 742 00:49:16,710 --> 00:49:18,920 >> KEN, TALKING SPACE. 743 00:49:18,920 --> 00:49:22,490 YOU WERE SAYING THAT THERE ARE A LOT OF 12-YEAR-OLD MOTIVATED TO 744 00:49:22,490 --> 00:49:23,509 DOING THAT. 745 00:49:23,509 --> 00:49:27,690 DOES, OR DO EITHER YOURSELF OR SPHERO HAVE THE PLANS TO PUT IT 746 00:49:27,690 --> 00:49:31,279 OUT COME MER SHALLY, MEANING THAT THE OTHER KIDS OUTSIDE OF 747 00:49:31,279 --> 00:49:36,589 THE SCHOOL IS PLAY WITH THIS OR POSTING THEIR PROGRAMS SOMEWHERE 748 00:49:36,589 --> 00:49:40,789 AND SHARING THEIR PROGRAMS ON-LINE WITH FOLKS. 749 00:49:40,789 --> 00:49:41,789 >> ABSOLUTELY. 750 00:49:41,789 --> 00:49:44,219 THIS IS ANYONE CAN USE THIS. 751 00:49:44,219 --> 00:49:47,079 YOU CAN BUY ONE, IF YOU LIKE, RIGHT AFTER THIS MEETING. 752 00:49:47,079 --> 00:49:50,999 >> I WILL LET YOU PLAY WITH THIS ONE. 753 00:49:50,999 --> 00:49:52,589 AND ANYBODY CAN CODE FOR IT. 754 00:49:52,589 --> 00:49:56,279 IT DOES NOT HAVE TO BE JUST A CLASS OR SCHOOL CHILDREN, ANYONE 755 00:49:56,279 --> 00:49:58,049 CAN DO IT. 756 00:49:58,049 --> 00:50:01,559 I ACTUALLY AM USING IT RIGHT NOW AND I AM GOING TO WRITE A COUPLE 757 00:50:01,559 --> 00:50:04,589 OF PROGRAMS, YOU MAY HAVE SEEN IN THE VIDEO THAT IT CAN BE USED 758 00:50:04,589 --> 00:50:09,799 FOR ART CLASSES AND SO I WANT TO USE IT TO CREATE THE ART AND IT 759 00:50:09,799 --> 00:50:12,440 CAN DO THE INTERESTING THINGS ON CANVAS. 760 00:50:12,440 --> 00:50:16,499 BUT, YEAH, ANYONE CAN USE IT. 761 00:50:16,499 --> 00:50:18,839 COME BACK HERE. 762 00:50:18,839 --> 00:50:19,839 >> AND POWERFUL. 763 00:50:19,839 --> 00:50:27,099 >> HI, I AM JAMES ROBERT SON, AND I WAS WONDERING WHAT WAS IN 764 00:50:27,099 --> 00:50:34,770 THE SPARK, AND IF THERE ARE ANY PLANS THAT MAYBE, YOU KNOW, 765 00:50:34,770 --> 00:50:38,839 EXPENSEBILITY OR ADD MORE SENSE SENSORS TO IT. 766 00:50:38,839 --> 00:50:44,170 >> WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT DOING ANOTHER RUN OF THIS EVENTUALLY, 767 00:50:44,170 --> 00:50:47,859 THAT WOULD ADD MORE CAPABILITY TO IT AND WE HAVE NOT GONE VERY 768 00:50:47,859 --> 00:50:48,859 FAR WITH THAT. 769 00:50:48,859 --> 00:50:50,640 IN THE TERMS OF WHAT IS IN IT RIGHT NOW? 770 00:50:50,640 --> 00:50:53,799 THAT IS A GOOD QUESTION, FOR SPHERO AND I AM NOT FAMILIAR 771 00:50:53,799 --> 00:50:57,499 WITH THE ENGINEERING WITH IT, I AM HAPPY TO PUT YOU IN CONTACT 772 00:50:57,499 --> 00:51:08,549 WITH THEM AND THEY WILL BE HAPPY TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. 773 00:51:08,549 --> 00:51:11,809 >> IS THERE ANY POSSIBILITY THAT IT WILL BE PROGRAMMED WITH THE 774 00:51:11,809 --> 00:51:14,890 KEY LIVE LANGUAGES INSTEAD OF A GRAPHICAL PROGRAMMING ENTER 775 00:51:14,890 --> 00:51:15,890 FACE. 776 00:51:15,890 --> 00:51:22,069 >> THAT IS A QUESTION FOR THE SPHERO PEOPLE, I WOULD TEMPTED 777 00:51:22,069 --> 00:51:23,459 TO SAY YES. 778 00:51:23,459 --> 00:51:27,109 BUT, DON'T HOLD ME TO THAT, I THINK THAT WE WILL GET YOU THE 779 00:51:27,109 --> 00:51:29,139 PEOPLE AND THEY CAN ANSWER THAT QUESTION. 780 00:51:29,139 --> 00:51:30,139 >> SECONDARILY. 781 00:51:30,139 --> 00:51:34,309 HOW WELL DOES IT BEHAVE IN ZERO GRAVITY SINCE OF THE OFFSET 782 00:51:34,309 --> 00:51:35,309 REACTION? 783 00:51:35,309 --> 00:51:37,609 >> YOU KNOW I WAS WAITING FOR THAT QUESTION. 784 00:51:37,609 --> 00:51:41,170 SO, I ACTUALLY GOT THAT QUESTION, BEFORE I CAME HERE, 785 00:51:41,170 --> 00:51:44,329 BEFORE I FLEW UP HERE FROM HOUSTON AND I GOT IT FROM MY SON 786 00:51:44,329 --> 00:51:47,460 WHO IS A 12-YEAR-OLD WHO PLAYS WITH THE ROBOT AND THE MIND 787 00:51:47,460 --> 00:51:49,410 CRAFT AND ALL OF THIS. 788 00:51:49,410 --> 00:51:51,920 AND SO HE IS MY EXPERT ON THESE THINGS. 789 00:51:51,920 --> 00:51:54,519 AND I ASKED HIM, I SAID WHAT DO YOU THINK THAT THIS IS GOING TO 790 00:51:54,519 --> 00:51:55,890 DO WHEN WE FLY IT? 791 00:51:55,890 --> 00:51:59,540 AND KIND OF LOOKED AT HIM AND HE SAID, I DON'T KNOW. 792 00:51:59,540 --> 00:52:01,849 BUT IT WILL DO SOMETHING COOL. 793 00:52:01,849 --> 00:52:05,920 AND SO, I AM NOT BEING FLIPANT WE DON'T KNOW, THAT IS WHY WE 794 00:52:05,920 --> 00:52:07,930 ARE GOING TO FLY IT AND EXPERIMENT WITH IT. 795 00:52:07,930 --> 00:52:10,259 WITH HE WILL MANIPULATE IT WITH THE ROBOT ARM INSIDE OF THE 796 00:52:10,259 --> 00:52:14,451 BLACK BOX AND THERE IS A METAL PLATE THAT IS MAGNA TIED THAT WE 797 00:52:14,451 --> 00:52:18,940 WILL BE ABLE TO AT SOME POINT HAVE THE SPHERO ATTACH TO THAT 798 00:52:18,940 --> 00:52:27,089 IMULATES THE GRAVITY ON MARS AND WE GAVE THE CAPABILITIES AND THE 799 00:52:27,089 --> 00:52:29,440 FACTORS TO THE VARIOUS SCHOOLS AND SAID WRITE A PROGRAM AND SEE 800 00:52:29,440 --> 00:52:32,779 WHAT YOU WANT TO DO, SO ABOUT SIX SCHOOLS ACROSS THE COUNTRY, 801 00:52:32,779 --> 00:52:36,259 THEY WROTE PROGRAMS THAT WERE INTEGRATED INTO IT FLYING 802 00:52:36,259 --> 00:52:39,849 TOMORROW AND WE WILL SEE WHAT HAPPENS AND WE WILL BE VERY 803 00:52:39,849 --> 00:52:42,890 HAPPY TO SHARE ALL OF THE VIDEO AND DATA THAT COMES BACK AS 804 00:52:42,890 --> 00:52:43,890 WELL. 805 00:52:43,890 --> 00:52:45,859 >> THANK YOU. 806 00:52:45,859 --> 00:52:49,890 >> ALL RIGHT, AND I BELIEVE THAT WE HAVE GOT A QUESTION FROM 807 00:52:49,890 --> 00:52:52,119 SOCIAL MEDIA. 808 00:52:52,119 --> 00:52:58,450 YES, WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM ROBERT ON TWITTER AND HE ASKS IS 809 00:52:58,450 --> 00:53:01,000 THE SPHERO FLYING COMMERCIAL OFF OF THE SHELF OR DOES IT NEED TO 810 00:53:01,000 --> 00:53:05,229 BE MODIFIED FOR THE USE ON THE SPACE STATION. 811 00:53:05,229 --> 00:53:08,930 >> THE ONLY THING THAT WE MODIFIED, I BELIEVE, NONE OF IT 812 00:53:08,930 --> 00:53:10,579 WAS MODIFIED EXCEPT FOR THE SHELL. 813 00:53:10,579 --> 00:53:14,599 I THINK THAT WE HAD TO, I THINK THAT WE HAD TO REINFORCE THE 814 00:53:14,599 --> 00:53:16,529 SEAL ON THE SHELL IF I REMEMBER. 815 00:53:16,529 --> 00:53:20,420 AND OTHERWISE IT IS COMPLETELY OFF THE SHELF. 816 00:53:20,420 --> 00:53:24,190 >> AND THAT WAS REALLY CENTRAL PART OF THE EXPERIMENT. 817 00:53:24,190 --> 00:53:27,680 WE DID NOT WANT TO BUILD A NEW ROBOT, WE WANTED TO TAKE ONE 818 00:53:27,680 --> 00:53:30,910 THAT IS ALREADY IN THE CLASSROOM AND ALREADY BEING USED AND FLY 819 00:53:30,910 --> 00:53:32,279 IT AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS. 820 00:53:32,279 --> 00:53:37,900 AND AGAIN, WITH THAT EXPERIMENT WITH THE COOLNESS, AND THE 821 00:53:37,900 --> 00:53:39,400 EXCITEMENT OF SPACE FLIGHT. 822 00:53:39,400 --> 00:53:43,079 >> THANKS, THAT IS ALL OF THE TIME THAT WE HAVE FOR QUESTIONS 823 00:53:43,079 --> 00:53:45,980 ON SPACE RIGHT NOW. 824 00:53:45,980 --> 00:53:48,539 NEXT I WOULD LIKE TO BRING PETE HASBROOK AND DR. 825 00:53:48,539 --> 00:53:50,380 LIZ WARREN BACK UP. 826 00:53:50,380 --> 00:53:54,989 IF ANYONE HAS ANY QUESTIONS GENERALLY ABOUT THE RESEARCH 827 00:53:54,989 --> 00:54:02,420 CONDUCTED ABOARD THE SPACE STATION OR THE NATIONAL LAB. 828 00:54:02,420 --> 00:54:07,229 >> KEN KRAMER AND I HAVE THE QUESTION ABOUT THE FIRST 829 00:54:07,229 --> 00:54:10,589 SPEAKER, ABOUT THE VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AND THE ASTRONAUTS 830 00:54:10,589 --> 00:54:15,119 AND I WONDER IF YOU CAN TELL US ABOUT THAT, HOW MANY OF THE 831 00:54:15,119 --> 00:54:17,270 ASTRONAUTS ARE SUFFERING VISUAL IMPAIRMENT? 832 00:54:17,270 --> 00:54:23,359 HAVE YOU LEARNED ANYTHING YET TO MITIGATE THOSE EFFECTS? 833 00:54:23,359 --> 00:54:28,589 AND CAN YOU TALK ABOUT THE PROGRESSION OVER TIME? 834 00:54:28,589 --> 00:54:29,589 DOES IT STOP? 835 00:54:29,589 --> 00:54:30,589 DOES IT GET WORSE? 836 00:54:30,589 --> 00:54:31,589 WHAT HAPPENS? 837 00:54:31,589 --> 00:54:32,589 THANK YOU. 838 00:54:32,589 --> 00:54:33,809 >> I CAN TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT IT. 839 00:54:33,809 --> 00:54:38,369 I AM NOT A PHYSIOLOGY AND ABLE TO TALK ABOUT IT. 840 00:54:38,369 --> 00:54:42,789 AS FAR AS WHAT WE HAVE SEEN, IT WAS KIND OF A RECENT DISCOVERY 841 00:54:42,789 --> 00:54:47,619 TO REALIZE THAT THE ASTRONAUTS WERE HAVING VISION IMPAIRMENT AS 842 00:54:47,619 --> 00:54:48,619 THEY WHO IS FLYING? 843 00:54:48,619 --> 00:55:00,880 IT IS MIDDLE AGED PEOPLE, BUT 844 00:55:00,880 --> 00:55:04,989 THAT IS WHAT HAPPENS, AND THE PEOPLE WENT BACK AND DID A 845 00:55:04,989 --> 00:55:09,459 STUDY, AND REALIZED THAT THE LONGER CREW MEMBERS, THERE WAS A 846 00:55:09,459 --> 00:55:15,009 HIGHER RATE OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AND SOME OF IT WAS BLURRED AND 847 00:55:15,009 --> 00:55:17,140 SOME OF IT WAS SPOTS. 848 00:55:17,140 --> 00:55:20,309 I DON'T HAVE THE PERCENTAGES OF THE SHORT DURATION, LIKE THE 849 00:55:20,309 --> 00:55:24,529 SHUTTLE, VERSES THE LONG. 850 00:55:24,529 --> 00:55:26,469 ARE WE ABLE TO TREAT IT YET? 851 00:55:26,469 --> 00:55:30,780 WHEN YOU SAW THE PICTURES, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT THEY ARE 852 00:55:30,780 --> 00:55:34,680 DOING IS USING A RUSSIAN FACILITY, AND IT IS BASICALLY A 853 00:55:34,680 --> 00:55:37,130 HARD, AND LOWER TORSO KIND OF LIKE THE SPACE SUIT THAT WE HAVE 854 00:55:37,130 --> 00:55:39,619 OVER HERE WITH THE WASTE SEAL ON IT. 855 00:55:39,619 --> 00:55:46,529 AND YOU CAN PULL A LOWER PRESSURE ON THE LEGS AND THAT 856 00:55:46,529 --> 00:55:49,700 WILL PULL THE FLUID OUT OF THE HEAD. 857 00:55:49,700 --> 00:55:55,199 THEY ARE MEASURING THE EYE, AND THE EAR AND THE PRESSURE, AND SO 858 00:55:55,199 --> 00:56:00,029 THAT IS A POSSIBLE MITIGATION, OR A POSSIBLE COUNTER MEASURE 859 00:56:00,029 --> 00:56:01,109 FOR IT. 860 00:56:01,109 --> 00:56:03,779 DO WE KNOW TO TREAT IT? 861 00:56:03,779 --> 00:56:18,630 I DON'T THINK THAT WE HAVE BEEN THERE LONG ENOUGH. 862 00:56:18,630 --> 00:56:22,999 SOME THAT HAVE REMAINED IMPAIRED AND BEFORE YOU ASK ME WHO THAT 863 00:56:22,999 --> 00:56:26,009 WAS, THAT WOULD BE A MEDICAL CONDITION THAT WE WOULD NOT 864 00:56:26,009 --> 00:56:28,059 DEVLUGE IF I KNEW. 865 00:56:28,059 --> 00:56:32,660 >> ALL RIGHT, WE HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION COMING IN FROM ON-LINE? 866 00:56:32,660 --> 00:56:38,220 >> YES THIS IS FROM JOHN LEWIS, IN RELATION TO THE LIGHTING 867 00:56:38,220 --> 00:56:42,170 EFFECTS EXPERIMENT, HAVE WE TAKEN ADVANTAGE OF INFORMATION, 868 00:56:42,170 --> 00:56:46,099 POTENTIALLY GAINED FROM THE SUBMARINES IF YES, HOW, IF NO, 869 00:56:46,099 --> 00:56:47,359 WHY NOT? 870 00:56:47,359 --> 00:56:52,259 >> GEE, SO THE LIGHTING EXPERIMENT IS THE HUMAN, WE ARE 871 00:56:52,259 --> 00:56:57,940 REPLACING THE FLUORESCENT LIGHTS, AND THEY ARE 872 00:56:57,940 --> 00:57:02,180 CONTROLLABLE AND SO THEY ARE CONTROLLABLE FROM THE FREQUENCY 873 00:57:02,180 --> 00:57:03,749 AND THE WAVE LENGTH OF THE LIGHT. 874 00:57:03,749 --> 00:57:08,089 AS WELL AS THE INTENSITY, AND SO THEY CAN BE DIALED UP AND DOWN 875 00:57:08,089 --> 00:57:13,319 AND IT HELPS WITH THE SHIFTING AS YOU ARE GETTING TOWARD THE 876 00:57:13,319 --> 00:57:19,099 BED AND IT GETS A LITTLE MORE RED, AND THE BLUE LIGHT KEEPS US 877 00:57:19,099 --> 00:57:22,700 UP, AS FAR AS SUBMARINE APPLICATIONS I DON'T KNOW 878 00:57:22,700 --> 00:57:26,020 WHETHER WE HAVE STUDIED IT THERE AND I CAN TELL YOU THAT WE HAVE 879 00:57:26,020 --> 00:57:29,440 RUN A LOT OF FLIGHT CONTROLLERS AND MISSION CONTROL, AND 880 00:57:29,440 --> 00:57:32,079 IMAGINE, WORKING OVER NIGHT AND YOU ARE TROO I GO TO SHIFT FROM 881 00:57:32,079 --> 00:57:36,140 YOUR DAYTIME AND YOU HAVE TO BE ALERT AND AWAKE AND READY TO GO 882 00:57:36,140 --> 00:57:39,650 AT AN EMERGENCY'S NOTICE AND SO THEY ARE USING THE LIGHTS URGED 883 00:57:39,650 --> 00:57:41,770 THE CONSUL AND SO THERE IS COMPARISON OF THE FLIGHT 884 00:57:41,770 --> 00:57:42,770 CONTROLLERS. 885 00:57:42,770 --> 00:57:44,449 >> ALL RIGHT. 886 00:57:44,449 --> 00:57:46,750 WE HAVE A COUPLE OVER HERE. 887 00:57:46,750 --> 00:57:51,049 OVER HERE FIRST. 888 00:57:51,049 --> 00:57:52,049 >> TALKING SPACE. 889 00:57:52,049 --> 00:57:54,749 AND ARE THERE ANY OTHER STUDENT EXPERIMENTS THAT ARE FLYING UP 890 00:57:54,749 --> 00:57:57,420 ON THIS PARTICULAR SIGNAS THAT YOU WOULD WANT TO HIGHLIGHT AND 891 00:57:57,420 --> 00:58:01,379 IS THERE IS A LIST OF THOSE ON-LINE. 892 00:58:01,379 --> 00:58:03,180 >> I DON'T KNOW OFF OF THE TOP OF MY HEAD OF THE STUDENT 893 00:58:03,180 --> 00:58:08,979 EXPERIMENTS BUT WE CAN GET THAT LIST FOR YOU. 894 00:58:08,979 --> 00:58:14,289 >> JASON, SPACE FLIGHT, INSIDER, AND THIS IS FROM DR. 895 00:58:14,289 --> 00:58:15,289 WARREN. 896 00:58:15,289 --> 00:58:17,921 THE PRESIDENT HAS COME OUT AND REITERATE HIS PLANS TO SEND THE 897 00:58:17,921 --> 00:58:19,859 CREWS TO MARS IN THE 2030S. 898 00:58:19,859 --> 00:58:24,640 CAN YOU TALK ABOUT HOW THEY ARE WORKING TO GEAR THE EXPERIMENTS 899 00:58:24,640 --> 00:58:27,799 THAT ARE CONDUCTED ON THE ISS TOWARD, SENDING CREWS TO THE RED 900 00:58:27,799 --> 00:58:28,799 PLANET? 901 00:58:28,799 --> 00:58:29,799 THANK YOU. 902 00:58:29,799 --> 00:58:34,490 >> MUCH OF THE MANDATE OF THE ISS NATIONAL LAB, IS TO BENEFIT 903 00:58:34,490 --> 00:58:38,299 LIFE BACK HERE ON EARTH, AND MUCH OF NASA RESEARCH IS REALLY 904 00:58:38,299 --> 00:58:42,750 TARGETED TOWARD LONGER DURATION EXPLORATION MISSIONS AND SO AS 905 00:58:42,750 --> 00:58:46,950 FAR AS I AM AWARE, MOST OF OUR RESEARCH COMPLIMENT IS BASED ON 906 00:58:46,950 --> 00:58:52,990 REALLY EARTH WARD FACING BENEFIT AND SO OFF THE TOP OF MY HEAD I 907 00:58:52,990 --> 00:59:04,119 AM NOT ABLE TO THINK OF THE RESEARCH THAT IS HAPPENING. 908 00:59:04,119 --> 00:59:08,940 >> THE NATIONAL LAB FOCUSES ON EARTH, AND IT BENEFITS TD PEOPLE 909 00:59:08,940 --> 00:59:12,690 ON EARTH AND GIVING THEM ACCESS, WHEREAS THE NASA KEEPS THE 910 00:59:12,690 --> 00:59:16,719 EXPLORATION LOOKING AND THE EXPLORATION RESEARCH AND FOR 911 00:59:16,719 --> 00:59:20,499 EXAMPLE, ALL OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND DEMONSTRATION THAT JITENDRA 912 00:59:20,499 --> 00:59:21,499 JOSHI WAS TALKING ABOUT. 913 00:59:21,499 --> 00:59:30,819 AND ALSO, THE NASA KEEPS THE LEAD FOR USING THE STATION FOR 914 00:59:30,819 --> 00:59:35,889 OUR JOURNEY TO MARS FOR THE EXPLORATION. 915 00:59:35,889 --> 00:59:43,289 >> WELL, FOR EXAMPLE, SENDING HUMANS BEYOND THE LOWER EARTH 916 00:59:43,289 --> 00:59:45,779 ORBIT, WE KNOW THAT THERE ARE A LOT OF RISKS TO THE HUMAN BODY 917 00:59:45,779 --> 00:59:50,430 AND WE HAVE A LIST OF 20 OF THEM OR SO. 918 00:59:50,430 --> 00:59:53,499 FROM VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AND IMMUNE SYSTEM AND BONE LOSS, AND 919 00:59:53,499 --> 00:59:59,569 CARDIAC AND PULMONARY WHAT IS THE RISK? 920 00:59:59,569 --> 01:00:01,079 AND WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT IT? 921 01:00:01,079 --> 01:00:04,200 AND CAN WE CONTROL IT OR MITIGATE IT AND AND THERE IS A 922 01:00:04,200 --> 01:00:07,570 STOPLIGHT CHART OF IT IS RED UNTIL WE GET A NUMBER OF 923 01:00:07,570 --> 01:00:10,180 SUBJECTS THROUGH THE EXPERIMENT AND THEN IT IS YELLOW BECAUSE WE 924 01:00:10,180 --> 01:00:13,479 UNDERSTAND WHAT THE RISK IS. 925 01:00:13,479 --> 01:00:16,059 AND THEN ONCE WE KNOW HOW WE ARE GOING TO TREAT IT IS THE 926 01:00:16,059 --> 01:00:18,350 ADVANCED MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY, AND THE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY AND 927 01:00:18,350 --> 01:00:20,999 IS IT SCREENING THE CREW MEMBERS? 928 01:00:20,999 --> 01:00:22,630 IS IT EXTRA, EXERCISE? 929 01:00:22,630 --> 01:00:26,380 AND AT THIS POINT, AFTER A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF SUBJECT IN 930 01:00:26,380 --> 01:00:28,930 TIME, WE CAN TURN IT TOWARD GREEN AND MAYBE BLUE WHETHER IT 931 01:00:28,930 --> 01:00:32,190 IS TOTALLY MITIGATED AND THAT RELIES ON HOW MANY CREW MEMBERS 932 01:00:32,190 --> 01:00:36,849 DO WE HAVE IN THE STATION, RIGHT NOW, EVERYBODY IS PRETTY MUCH 933 01:00:36,849 --> 01:00:40,490 AGREED THROUGH 2024, AND THE EUROPEANS ARE DOING THEIR LAST 934 01:00:40,490 --> 01:00:44,069 MEETING THIS, AT THE END OF THIS YEAR, AND WE ADVOCATE THE 935 01:00:44,069 --> 01:00:48,959 ABILITY TO EXTEND THE ISS 2028 AND BEYOND, WHICH WILL HELP US 936 01:00:48,959 --> 01:00:51,630 YOU KNOW, ANYTHING THAT WE ARE FORGETTING RIGHT NOW, WILL STILL 937 01:00:51,630 --> 01:00:55,579 HAVE A FEW MORE YEARS OF ISS TO LOOK FORWARD TO THE EXPLORATION. 938 01:00:55,579 --> 01:00:59,339 >> AND WE HAVE GOT ANOTHER QUESTION THAT CAME IN ON-LINE. 939 01:00:59,339 --> 01:01:06,099 SO, THE QUESTION FROM IRENE, ASKING, IN LIGHT OF THIS SPACE X 940 01:01:06,099 --> 01:01:09,709 ACCIDENT, IS THERE ANY CARGO THAT YOU SWAPPED OUT OR PAYLOADS 941 01:01:09,709 --> 01:01:13,499 THAT YOU SWAPPED OUT OR ADDED TO THE MISSION AS A RESULT OF THAT? 942 01:01:13,499 --> 01:01:19,759 >> I KNOW THAT WE DID A THOROUGH REVIEW OF WHAT WAS PLANNED FOR 943 01:01:19,759 --> 01:01:21,240 THE NEXT SPACE X MISSION. 944 01:01:21,240 --> 01:01:24,539 WE HAVE NOT, WE ARE WAITING FOR THE SPACE X TO FIGURE OUT WHAT 945 01:01:24,539 --> 01:01:27,640 IT WAS AND TO CONFIRM WHEN THEY CAN LAUNCH AND SO I KNOW THAT 946 01:01:27,640 --> 01:01:32,700 THERE WAS CARGO THAT WAS SHIFTED TO OA FIVE AND I DON'T HAVE THAT 947 01:01:32,700 --> 01:01:34,959 LIST OFF OF THE TOP OF MY HEAD BUT THAT IS SOMETHING THAT WE 948 01:01:34,959 --> 01:01:35,959 CAN DIG UP. 949 01:01:35,959 --> 01:01:39,400 >> AND SO IREEN THAT IS ALSO SOMETHING THAT WE CAN TALK ABOUT 950 01:01:39,400 --> 01:01:44,929 IN THE 6:00 P.M., NEWS CONFERENCE, AS WELL. 951 01:01:44,929 --> 01:01:47,040 >> ARE THERE ANY OTHER QUESTIONS HERE IN THE ROOM? 952 01:01:47,040 --> 01:01:49,430 ALL RIGHT, >> NOBODY IS GOING TO ASK THE 953 01:01:49,430 --> 01:01:52,269 FIFTH GRADER QUESTION? 954 01:01:52,269 --> 01:01:54,359 >> ACTUALLY COULD I TAKE A SHOT AT THAT ONE. 955 01:01:54,359 --> 01:01:56,730 >> THE QUESTION ABOUT, EXPLAINING TO A MIDDLE SCHOOL 956 01:01:56,730 --> 01:02:00,890 STUDENT ABOUT WHY WOULD WE WANT TO RESEARCH THIS COOL FLAMES? 957 01:02:00,890 --> 01:02:04,410 THE THING THAT WE LIKE TO SAY IS THAT RESEARCH IS DONE FOR 958 01:02:04,410 --> 01:02:06,940 DIFFERENT REASONS, SOMETIMES IT IS TO LEARN THE BENEFITS TO 959 01:02:06,940 --> 01:02:10,579 BENEFIT US ON EARTH AND SOMETIMES IT IS TO LEARN THE 960 01:02:10,579 --> 01:02:13,759 PHYSICAL PROCESSES TO IMPROVE WHAT YOU ARE DOING, AND LET'S 961 01:02:13,759 --> 01:02:18,530 SAY THAT IT IS YOU ARE GROWING CRYSTALS OR YOU ARE GROWING, OR 962 01:02:18,530 --> 01:02:21,470 SOLIDIFYING METALS AND SO YOU WANT A BETTER PRODUCT AND YOU 963 01:02:21,470 --> 01:02:23,489 WHAT NT TO UNDERSTAND HOW THAT WORKS. 964 01:02:23,489 --> 01:02:26,170 AND SOMETIMES WHEN YOU SH DOING RESEARCH YOU JUST HAVE AN AH, HA 965 01:02:26,170 --> 01:02:37,149 MOMENT, AND YOU SEE SOMETHING THAT YOU HAVE NEVER SEEN BEFORE. 966 01:02:37,149 --> 01:02:58,059 >> DO YOU THINK 967 01:02:58,059 --> 01:03:09,869 THAT IT IS 968 01:03:09,869 --> 01:03:26,469 POSSIBLE TO MAIN TAKE 969 01:03:26,469 --> 01:03:57,439 GRAVITY THAT 970 01:03:57,439 --> 01:04:00,329 WILL ALLOW FOR HUMAN BEINGS, NOT TO SUFFER ANY 971 01:04:00,329 --> 01:04:05,139 AILMENTS AND HOW SOON DO YOU THINK THAT THAT IS DOABLE? 972 01:04:05,139 --> 01:04:06,139 >> WOW. 973 01:04:06,139 --> 01:04:10,359 SO, IT IS PHYSICALLY POSSIBLE TO MAINTAIN GRAVITY. 974 01:04:10,359 --> 01:04:12,349 IF YOU REMEMBER THE MOVIE, 2001. 975 01:04:12,349 --> 01:04:15,690 YOU HAVE A BIG ROTATING SPACE STATION, AND SO THAT IS STILL 976 01:04:15,690 --> 01:04:19,829 ONE OF THE THINGS THAT PEOPLE ARE ASSESSING OF WHEN WE GO TO 977 01:04:19,829 --> 01:04:25,210 MARS OR GO TO ANOTHER PLANET, COULD WE LAUNCH ALL OF THAT BIG 978 01:04:25,210 --> 01:04:28,309 MECHANISM, IT IS GOING TO BE HEAVY IF WE CHOOSE TO DO THAT. 979 01:04:28,309 --> 01:04:31,612 YES, YOU CAN ROTATE SOMETHING AND I THINK THAT THEY ARE 980 01:04:31,612 --> 01:04:34,900 LOOKING AT SMALLER VERSIONS OF WHAT THEY CALL THE CENTRIFUGE TO 981 01:04:34,900 --> 01:04:39,160 PUT IN THE LEVEL OF GRAVITY, AND MAYBE IT IS NOT A FULL 1 G LIKE 982 01:04:39,160 --> 01:04:42,369 HERE ON EARTH AND MAYBE IT IS A PARTIAL GRAVITY, AND I AM GLAD 983 01:04:42,369 --> 01:04:45,430 THAT YOU MENTIONED THE TWIN STUDY AS WELL. 984 01:04:45,430 --> 01:04:49,740 I DID WANT TO SAY THAT MARK AND SCOTT, AND ALSO, MCHAIL AND 985 01:04:49,740 --> 01:04:53,060 SCOTT, THE TWO ONE YEAR CREW MEMBERS, ALL OF THE DATA IS IN, 986 01:04:53,060 --> 01:04:56,240 AND WE HAVE ALL OF THE DATA BACK AND THE SCIENTISTS ARE ANALYZING 987 01:04:56,240 --> 01:05:00,199 THE DATA AND THEY WILL BE PUBLISHING AND ANNOUNCING WHAT 988 01:05:00,199 --> 01:05:04,719 THEY ARE ABLE TO ANNOUNCE AT THE HUMAN RESEARCH PROGRAMS 989 01:05:04,719 --> 01:05:09,440 INVESTIGATOR WORKSHOP, AND IT IS IN TEXAS IN THE END OF JANUARY. 990 01:05:09,440 --> 01:05:12,009 AND WHEN YOU ARE STUDYING, TWO PEOPLE LIKE THAT AND WHAT WE 991 01:05:12,009 --> 01:05:15,499 CALL AN INN, OR A NUMBER OF SUBLTS OR YOU CANNOT REALLY 992 01:05:15,499 --> 01:05:18,460 REVEAL A LOT ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED TO THEM. 993 01:05:18,460 --> 01:05:21,700 BUT PART OF THE REASON OF DOING A ONE-YEAR, MISSION LIKE THAT IS 994 01:05:21,700 --> 01:05:25,329 THAT MOST OF THE BASE LINE IS WITH THE 6 MONTH CREW MEMBERS, 995 01:05:25,329 --> 01:05:29,019 AND DID ANYTHING STICK OUT THAT HAPPENED TO SCOTT OR MCHAIL 996 01:05:29,019 --> 01:05:31,170 AFTER THAT SIX MONTH POINT? 997 01:05:31,170 --> 01:05:33,709 AND WHILE WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SAY MUCH ABOUT THAT, OR SAY THAT 998 01:05:33,709 --> 01:05:36,529 THAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN TO EVERYBODY, THAT IS A GOOD 999 01:05:36,529 --> 01:05:39,350 INDICATOR, HEY, WITH HE NEED TO PUT MORE FOCUS ON THAT SO THAT 1000 01:05:39,350 --> 01:05:41,969 WE KNOW ABOUT IT WHEN WE CHOOSE TO GO TO MARS. 1001 01:05:41,969 --> 01:05:43,890 >> THANK YOU, PETE. 1002 01:05:43,890 --> 01:05:44,890 AND THANK YOU, DR. 1003 01:05:44,890 --> 01:05:46,789 WARREN, THAT IS ALL OF THE TIME THAT WE HAVE 1004 01:05:46,789 --> 01:05:48,499 NOW FOR QUESTIONS. 1005 01:05:48,499 --> 01:05:52,039 WE WILL BROADCAST THE FREE LAUNCH NEWS CONFERENCE, AND 1006 01:05:52,039 --> 01:05:53,140 TARGETING FOR 6:00 P.M. 1007 01:05:53,140 --> 01:05:54,910 THIS EVENING AND YOU WILL HEAR MORE 1008 01:05:54,910 --> 01:05:58,689 ABOUT THE MISSION LAUNCH OPERATIONS AND BE SURE TO TUNE 1009 01:05:58,689 --> 01:06:01,749 IN TOMORROW NIGHT FOR A LIVE LAUNCH COVERAGE BEGINNING AT 1010 01:06:01,749 --> 01:06:06,019 7:00 P.M., AND YOU CAN VISIT NASA.GOV, FOR MORE INFORMATION 1011 01:06:06,019 --> 01:06:09,349 ABOUT THIS LAUNCH AND YOU CAN FOLLOW ALONG WITH THE 1012 01:06:09,349 --> 01:06:11,930 RESEARCHERS AND THE STUDIES IN ORBIT, BY VISITING